PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a significant human pathogen, in particular in patients with an underlying medical condition. It is equipped with a large variety of virulence factors enabling both colonization and invasive disease. The spectrum of manifestation is broad, ranging from superficial skin infections to life-threatening conditions like pneumonia and sepsis. As a major cause of healthcare-associated infections, there is a great need in understanding staphylococcal immunity and defense mechanisms. Patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) frequently present with pathological infection susceptibility, however, not all of them are prone to S. aureus infection. Thus, enhanced frequency or severity of S. aureus infections can serve as a clinical indicator of a specific underlying immunological impairment. In addition, the analysis of immunological functions in patients with susceptibility to S. aureus provides a unique opportunity of understanding the complex interplay between staphylococcal virulence and host immune predisposition. While the importance of quantitatively and qualitatively normal neutrophils is widely known, less awareness exists about the role of specific cytokines such as functional interleukin (IL)-6 signaling. This review categorizes well-known IEI in light of their susceptibility to S. aureus and discusses the relevant associated pathomechanisms. Understanding host-pathogen-interactions in S. aureus infections in susceptible individuals can pave the way for more effective management and preventive treatment options. Moreover, these insights might help to identify patients who should be screened for an underlying IEI. Ultimately, enhanced understanding of pathogenesis and immune responses in S. aureus infections may also be of relevance for the general population.
摘要：
金黄色葡萄球菌（S。金黄色葡萄球菌)是一种重要的人类病原体，特别是在有潜在疾病的患者中。它配备了多种能够实现定植和侵袭性疾病的毒力因子。表现的范围很广，从浅表皮肤感染到肺炎和败血症等危及生命的疾病。作为医疗保健相关感染的主要原因，非常需要了解葡萄球菌免疫和防御机制.患有先天性免疫错误（IEI）的患者经常存在病理性感染易感性，然而,并不是所有的人都容易感染金黄色葡萄球菌。因此，金黄色葡萄球菌感染的频率或严重程度的增加可以作为特定潜在免疫损害的临床指标。此外,对金黄色葡萄球菌易感性患者免疫功能的分析为了解葡萄球菌毒力和宿主免疫易感性之间复杂的相互作用提供了一个独特的机会.虽然定量和定性正常中性粒细胞的重要性是众所周知的，对特定细胞因子如功能性白细胞介素（IL）-6信号传导的认识较少。这篇综述根据对金黄色葡萄球菌的易感性对众所周知的IEI进行了分类，并讨论了相关的相关病理机制。了解易感个体金黄色葡萄球菌感染中的宿主-病原体相互作用可以为更有效的管理和预防性治疗方案铺平道路。此外，这些见解可能有助于确定应进行基础IEI筛查的患者.最终,增强对金黄色葡萄球菌感染发病机制和免疫反应的了解也可能与普通人群相关.
