Abstract：
Schisandra chinensis (S. chinensis) has a long history as a traditional Chinese medicine that is astringent, beneficial to vital energy, tonifies the kidney, tranquilizes the heart, etc. Significantly, Schisandrol A (SA) is extracted from S. chinensis and shows surprising and satisfactory biological activity, including anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protection, and antitumor properties, among others. SA has a more pronounced protective effect on central damaged nerves among its numerous pharmacological effects, improving neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer\'s and Parkinson\'s through the protection of damaged nerve cells and the enhancement of anti-oxidant capacity. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that SA has a pharmacokinetic profile with a rapid absorption, wide distribution, maximal concentration in the liver, and primarily renal excretion. However, hepatic and intestinal first-pass metabolism can affect SA\'s bioavailability. In addition, the content of SA, as an index component of S. chinensis Pharmacopoeia, should not be less than 0.40%, and the content of SA in S. chinensis compound formula was determined with the help of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which is a stable and reliable method, and it can lay a foundation for the subsequent quality control. Therefore, this paper systematically reviews the preparation, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetic properties, and content determination of SA with the goal of updating and deepening the understanding of SA, as well as providing a theoretical basis for the study of SA at a later stage.
摘要：
五味子（S.chinensis）作为传统中药具有悠久的历史，有益于生命能量，补肾，使心脏平静，等。重要的是,五味子A（SA）是从中国五味子中提取的，显示出令人惊讶和令人满意的生物活性，包括消炎药,保肝,心血管保护,和抗肿瘤特性，在其他人中。在众多的药理作用中,SA对中枢受损神经具有更明显的保护作用,通过保护受损的神经细胞和增强抗氧化能力，改善神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森氏症。药代动力学研究表明，SA具有快速吸收的药代动力学特征，分布广泛,肝脏中的最大浓度，主要是肾脏排泄。然而,肝脏和肠道首过代谢会影响SA的生物利用度。此外,SA的含量,作为中国药典的指标成分，不应低于0.40%，用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定复方中SA的含量,这是一种稳定可靠的方法，为后续质量控制奠定基础。因此,本文系统地回顾了准备工作，药理作用，药代动力学特性，和SA的内容确定，目的是更新和加深对SA的理解，为后期SA的研究提供理论依据。
