Abstract：
The detection of antibiotics is crucial for safeguarding the environment, ensuring food safety, and promoting human health. However, developing a rapid, convenient, low-cost, and sensitive method for antibiotic detection presents significant challenges. Herein, an aptamer-free biosensor was successfully constructed using upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) coated with silk fibroin (SF), based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and the charge-transfer effect, for detecting roxithromycin (RXM). A synergistic FRET efficiency was achieved by utilizing alizarin red and RXM complexes as energy acceptors, with UCNP as the energy donor, and immobilizing an ultrathin SF protein corona within 10 nm. The biosensor detects RXM in deionized water with high sensitivity primarily through monolayer adsorption, with a detection range of 1.0 nM-141.6 nM and a detection limit as low as 0.68 nM. The performance of this biosensor was compared with the ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for detecting antibiotics in river water separately and a strong correlation between the two methods was observed. The biosensor exhibited long-term stability in aqueous solutions (up to 60 d) with no attenuation of fluorescence intensity. Furthermore, the biosensor\'s applicability extended to the highly sensitive detection of other antibiotics, such as azithromycin. This study introduces a low-cost, eco-friendly, and highly sensitive method for antibiotic detection, with broad potential for future applications in environmental, healthcare, and food-related fields.
摘要：
抗生素的检测对于保护环境至关重要，确保食品安全,促进人类健康。然而,发展迅速，方便,低成本,和灵敏的抗生素检测方法提出了重大挑战。在这里，采用丝素蛋白(SF)包被的上转换纳米粒子(UCNPs),基于Förster共振能量转移（FRET）和电荷转移效应，用于检测罗红霉素（RXM）。通过利用茜素红和RXM复合物作为能量受体实现协同FRET效率，UCNP作为能源捐赠者，并在10nm内固定超薄SF蛋白冠。该生物传感器主要通过单层吸附法以高灵敏度检测去离子水中的RXM,检测范围为1.0nM-141.6nM，检测极限低至0.68nM。将该生物传感器的性能与超高效液相色谱-质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）方法分别检测河水中的抗生素进行了比较，并观察到两种方法之间的强相关性。生物传感器在水溶液中表现出长期稳定性（长达60d），荧光强度没有衰减。此外，生物传感器的适用性扩展到其他抗生素的高灵敏度检测，如阿奇霉素。这项研究引入了一种低成本的，环保,和高灵敏度的抗生素检测方法，在未来的环境应用中具有广阔的潜力，healthcare,和食品相关领域。
