Abstract：
Cardiac interfacing devices are essential components for the management of cardiovascular diseases, particularly in terms of electrophysiological monitoring and implementation of therapies. However, conventional cardiac devices are typically composed of rigid and bulky materials and thus pose significant challenges for effective long-term interfacing with the curvilinear surface of a dynamically beating heart. In this regard, the recent development of intrinsically soft bioelectronic devices using nanocomposites, which are fabricated by blending conductive nanofillers in polymeric and elastomeric matrices, has shown great promise. The intrinsically soft bioelectronics not only endure the dynamic beating motion of the heart and maintain stable performance but also enable conformal, reliable, and large-area interfacing with the target cardiac tissue, allowing for high-quality electrophysiological mapping, feedback electrical stimulations, and even mechanical assistance. Here, we explore next-generation cardiac interfacing strategies based on soft bioelectronic devices that utilize elastic conductive nanocomposites. We first discuss the conventional cardiac devices used to manage cardiovascular diseases and explain their undesired limitations. Then, we introduce intrinsically soft polymeric materials and mechanical restraint devices utilizing soft polymeric materials. After the discussion of the fabrication and functionalization of conductive nanomaterials, the introduction of intrinsically soft bioelectronics using nanocomposites and their application to cardiac monitoring and feedback therapy follow. Finally, comments on the future prospects of soft bioelectronics for cardiac interfacing technologies are discussed.
摘要：
心脏接口设备是心血管疾病管理的重要组成部分，特别是在电生理监测和实施治疗方面。然而,传统的心脏装置通常由刚性和笨重的材料组成,因此对于与动态跳动的心脏的曲线表面的有效长期接口构成重大挑战。在这方面,使用纳米复合材料的内在软生物电子器件的最新发展，它们是通过在聚合物和弹性体基质中混合导电纳米填料制成的，显示出巨大的希望。本质上的软生物电子学不仅能承受心脏的动态跳动运动并保持稳定的性能，可靠,与目标心脏组织的大面积接口，允许高质量的电生理标测，反馈电刺激,甚至机械援助。这里,我们探索了基于利用弹性导电纳米复合材料的软生物电子设备的下一代心脏接口策略.我们首先讨论用于管理心血管疾病的常规心脏设备，并解释其不良局限性。然后，我们介绍了固有的软聚合物材料和机械约束装置利用软聚合物材料。在讨论了导电纳米材料的制备和功能化之后，引入使用纳米复合材料的内在软生物电子学及其在心脏监测和反馈治疗中的应用。最后,讨论了软生物电子学在心脏接口技术中的未来前景。
