Abstract：
Mounting evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggests that persistent inflammation functions as a driving force in the journey to cancer. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme involved in inflammatory signaling. While being transiently upregulated upon inflammatory stimuli, COX-2 has been found to be consistently overexpressed in human colorectal cancer and several other malignancies. The association between chronic inflammation and cancer has been revisited: cancer can arise when inflammation fails to resolve. Besides its proinflammatory functions, COX-2 also catalyzes the production of pro-resolving as well as anti-inflammatory metabolites from polyunsaturated fatty acids. This may account for the side effects caused by long term use of some COX-2 inhibitory drugs during the cancer chemopreventive trials. This review summarizes the latest findings highlighting the dual functions of COX-2 in the context of its implications in the development, maintenance, and progression of cancer.
摘要：
来自临床前和临床研究的越来越多的证据表明，持续的炎症在癌症的旅程中起着驱动力的作用。环氧合酶-2(COX-2)是参与炎症信号传导的关键酶。虽然在炎症刺激下短暂上调，已发现COX-2在人结肠直肠癌和几种其他恶性肿瘤中始终过表达。慢性炎症和癌症之间的联系已经被重新审视：当炎症无法解决时，癌症就会出现。除了它的促炎功能，COX-2还催化从多不饱和脂肪酸产生促分解以及抗炎代谢物。这可能是由于在癌症化学预防试验期间长期使用某些COX-2抑制药物引起的副作用。这篇综述总结了最新的发现，强调了COX-2在其发展中的双重功能，维护,和癌症的进展。
