Abstract：
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic systemic disease characterized by a multifactorial nature, which may lead to several macro and microvascular complications. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most severe microvascular complications of DM, which can result in permanent blindness. The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of DR are multiple and still poorly understood. Factors such as dysregulation of vascular regeneration, oxidative and hyperosmolar stress in addition to inflammatory processes have been associated with the pathogenesis of DR. Furthermore, compelling evidence shows that components of the immune system, including the complement system, play a relevant role in the development of the disease. Studies suggest that high concentrations of mannose-binding lectin (MBL), an essential component of the complement lectin pathway, may contribute to the development of DR in patients with DM. This review provides an update on the possible role of the complement system, specifically the lectin pathway, in the pathogenesis of DR and discusses the potential of MBL as a non-invasive biomarker for both, the presence and severity of DR, in addition to its potential as a therapeutic target for intervention strategies.
摘要：
糖尿病（DM）是一种慢性全身性疾病，具有多因素的特点，这可能会导致一些宏观和微血管并发症。糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病最严重的微血管并发症之一,这可能会导致永久性失明。DR的发病机制是多方面的，仍然知之甚少。血管再生失调等因素，除炎症过程外，氧化和高渗性应激与DR的发病机理有关。此外，令人信服的证据表明，免疫系统的组成部分，包括补码系统，在疾病的发展中起着相关的作用。研究表明，高浓度的甘露糖结合凝集素（MBL），补体凝集素途径的重要组成部分，可能有助于DM患者DR的发展。这篇综述提供了补充系统可能发挥的作用的最新情况，特别是凝集素途径，在DR的发病机制中，并讨论了MBL作为两者的非侵入性生物标志物的潜力，DR的存在和严重程度，除了其作为干预策略的治疗目标的潜力。
