PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Spiders host a diverse range of bacteria in their guts and other tissues, which have been found to play a significant role in their fitness. This study aimed to investigate the community diversity and functional characteristics of spider-associated bacteria in four tissues of Heteropoda venatoria using HTS of the 16S rRNA gene and culturomics technologies, as well as the functional verification of the isolated strains. The results of HTS showed that the spider-associated bacteria in different tissues belonged to 34 phyla, 72 classes, 170 orders, 277 families, and 458 genera. Bacillus was found to be the most abundant bacteria in the venom gland, silk gland, and ovary, while Stenotrophomonas, Acinetobacter, and Sphingomonas were dominant in the gut microbiota. Based on the amplicon sequencing results, 21 distinct cultivation conditions were developed using culturomics to isolate bacteria from the ovary, gut, venom gland, and silk gland. A total of 119 bacterial strains, representing 4 phyla and 25 genera, with Bacillus and Serratia as the dominant genera, were isolated. Five strains exhibited high efficiency in degrading pesticides in the in vitro experiments. Out of the 119 isolates, 28 exhibited antibacterial activity against at least one of the tested bacterial strains, including the pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumanii, and Enterococcus faecalis. The study also identified three strains, GL312, PL211, and PL316, which exhibited significant cytotoxicity against MGC-803. The crude extract from the fermentation broth of strain PL316 was found to effectively induce apoptosis in MGC-803 cells. Overall, this study offers a comprehensive understanding of the bacterial community structure associated with H. venatoria. It also provides valuable insights into discovering novel antitumor natural products for gastric cancer and xenobiotic-degrading bacteria of spiders.
摘要：
蜘蛛在它们的肠道和其他组织中承载着各种各样的细菌，已被发现在他们的健身中起着重要作用。本研究利用16SrRNA基因的HTS和培养基因组学技术，探讨了4个组织中蜘蛛相关细菌的群落多样性和功能特征。以及分离菌株的功能验证。HTS结果表明,不同组织中蜘蛛伴生菌属于34门,72个班级，170个订单,277个家庭,和458属。发现芽孢杆菌是毒腺中最丰富的细菌，丝腺,和卵巢，而窄食单胞菌,不动杆菌,鞘氨醇单胞菌在肠道微生物群中占主导地位。根据扩增子测序结果，使用培养植物从卵巢中分离细菌，开发了21种不同的培养条件，gut,gut毒腺,和丝腺。共119株细菌，代表4门和25属，以芽孢杆菌和沙雷氏菌为优势属，被隔离。在体外实验中，五株菌株在降解农药方面表现出很高的效率。在119个分离物中，28对至少一种测试的细菌菌株表现出抗菌活性，包括致病菌金黄色葡萄球菌,鲍曼不动杆菌,和粪肠球菌.该研究还确定了三个菌株，GL312、PL211和PL316对MGC-803表现出显著的细胞毒性。发现菌株PL316发酵液的粗提物可有效诱导MGC-803细胞凋亡。总的来说,这项研究提供了与H.venatoria相关的细菌群落结构的全面了解。它还为发现胃癌的新型抗肿瘤天然产物和蜘蛛的异种生物降解细菌提供了有价值的见解。
