Abstract：
Wireless activation of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in freely moving animals with implantable optogenetic devices offers a unique and exciting opportunity to selectively control gastrointestinal (GI) transit in vivo, including the gut-brain axis. Programmed delivery of light to targeted locations in the GI-tract, however, poses many challenges not encountered within the central nervous system (CNS). We report here the development of a fully implantable, battery-free wireless device specifically designed for optogenetic control of the GI-tract, capable of generating sufficient light over large areas to robustly activate the ENS, potently inducing colonic motility ex vivo and increased propulsion in vivo. Use in in vivo studies reveals unique stimulation patterns that increase expulsion of colonic content, likely mediated in part by activation of an extrinsic brain-gut motor pathway, via pelvic nerves. This technology overcomes major limitations of conventional wireless optogenetic hardware designed for the CNS, providing targeted control of specific neurochemical classes of neurons in the ENS and brain-gut axis, for direct modulation of GI-transit and associated behaviours in freely moving animals.
摘要：
在具有可植入光遗传学装置的自由移动动物中，肠神经系统（ENS）的无线激活提供了一个独特而令人兴奋的机会来选择性地控制体内胃肠道（GI）运输，包括肠-脑轴.向胃肠道中的目标位置编程的光输送，然而,在中枢神经系统（CNS）内没有遇到许多挑战。我们在这里报告一种完全可植入的，专门为胃肠道的光遗传学控制而设计的无电池无线设备，能够在大面积上产生足够的光以强劲地激活ENS，有效诱导离体结肠运动和体内推进增加。在体内研究中的使用揭示了增加结肠内容物排出的独特刺激模式，可能部分通过外在的脑-肠运动途径的激活介导，通过骨盆神经.该技术克服了为CNS设计的传统无线光遗传学硬件的主要局限性，在ENS和脑-肠轴中提供特定神经化学类神经元的靶向控制，在自由活动的动物中直接调节胃肠道转运和相关行为。
