Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To describe multiple congenital ocular anomalies in three litters of Jack Russell Terrier puppies.
METHODS: Seven purebred Jack Russell Terrier puppies from three related litters and their four parents.
METHODS: Medical records of the puppies and their parents were evaluated. All dogs underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, followed by bilateral ocular ultrasonography in two of the puppies with complete corneal opacity. One eye from an affected puppy was subjected to histopathology. A complete database of pedigrees was built, and individual inbreeding was evaluated.
RESULTS: The most commonly diagnosed ocular anomalies in the puppies were: various anomalies of the fundus (12/14 eyes); microphthalmia (10/14 eyes); sclerocornea (8/14 eyes); and persistent pupillary membranes (7/14 eyes). Six out of seven puppies had at least two ocular abnormalities, and only one puppy was normal. Four out of seven puppies had sclerocornea, a particular corneal opacity to date described only in Spanish Podenco dogs. No ocular abnormalities were found in the parents examined (4/4). Analysis of the pedigrees showed that all the puppies and two parents were inbred, and the individual values of the inbreeding puppies were greater than 6.25% in two litters.
CONCLUSIONS: Inbreeding with closely related Jack Russell Terriers may result in severe congenital eye abnormalities in puppies.
METHODS: Seven purebred Jack Russell Terrier puppies from three related litters and their four parents.
METHODS: Medical records of the puppies and their parents were evaluated. All dogs underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, followed by bilateral ocular ultrasonography in two of the puppies with complete corneal opacity. One eye from an affected puppy was subjected to histopathology. A complete database of pedigrees was built, and individual inbreeding was evaluated.
RESULTS: The most commonly diagnosed ocular anomalies in the puppies were: various anomalies of the fundus (12/14 eyes); microphthalmia (10/14 eyes); sclerocornea (8/14 eyes); and persistent pupillary membranes (7/14 eyes). Six out of seven puppies had at least two ocular abnormalities, and only one puppy was normal. Four out of seven puppies had sclerocornea, a particular corneal opacity to date described only in Spanish Podenco dogs. No ocular abnormalities were found in the parents examined (4/4). Analysis of the pedigrees showed that all the puppies and two parents were inbred, and the individual values of the inbreeding puppies were greater than 6.25% in two litters.
CONCLUSIONS: Inbreeding with closely related Jack Russell Terriers may result in severe congenital eye abnormalities in puppies.
摘要：
目的：描述三窝JackRussellTerrier幼犬的多种先天性眼部异常。
方法：七只纯种的杰克罗素梗幼犬来自三个相关的窝和他们的四个父母。
方法：评估幼犬及其父母的病历。所有的狗都接受了完整的眼科检查，随后对两名完全角膜混浊的幼犬进行了双侧眼部超声检查。受影响的小狗的一只眼睛接受了组织病理学检查。建立了完整的家谱数据库,并对个体近亲繁殖进行了评估。
结果：幼犬最常见的眼部异常是：各种眼底异常（12/14眼）；小眼症（10/14眼）；硬化角膜（8/14眼）；和持续的瞳孔膜（7/14眼）。七只小狗中有六只至少有两次眼部异常，只有一只小狗是正常的。七只小狗中有四只患有巩膜角膜，迄今为止仅在西班牙Podenco犬中描述的一种特殊的角膜混浊。在检查的父母中未发现眼部异常（4/4）。对家系的分析表明，所有的小狗和两个父母都是近亲繁殖的，两窝近亲繁殖幼犬的个体价值大于6.25%。
结论：与紧密相关的杰克罗素猎犬近亲繁殖可能导致幼犬严重的先天性眼部异常。
方法：七只纯种的杰克罗素梗幼犬来自三个相关的窝和他们的四个父母。
方法：评估幼犬及其父母的病历。所有的狗都接受了完整的眼科检查，随后对两名完全角膜混浊的幼犬进行了双侧眼部超声检查。受影响的小狗的一只眼睛接受了组织病理学检查。建立了完整的家谱数据库,并对个体近亲繁殖进行了评估。
结果：幼犬最常见的眼部异常是：各种眼底异常（12/14眼）；小眼症（10/14眼）；硬化角膜（8/14眼）；和持续的瞳孔膜（7/14眼）。七只小狗中有六只至少有两次眼部异常，只有一只小狗是正常的。七只小狗中有四只患有巩膜角膜，迄今为止仅在西班牙Podenco犬中描述的一种特殊的角膜混浊。在检查的父母中未发现眼部异常（4/4）。对家系的分析表明，所有的小狗和两个父母都是近亲繁殖的，两窝近亲繁殖幼犬的个体价值大于6.25%。
结论：与紧密相关的杰克罗素猎犬近亲繁殖可能导致幼犬严重的先天性眼部异常。
