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Abstract：
As a natural immune cell and antigen presenting cell, macrophages have been studied and engineered to treat human diseases. Macrophages are well-suited for use as drug carriers because of their biological characteristics, such as excellent biocompatibility, long circulation, intrinsic inflammatory homing and phagocytosis. Meanwhile, macrophages\' uniquely high plasticity and easy re-education polarization facilitates their use as part of efficacious therapeutics for the treatment of inflammatory diseases or tumors. Although recent studies have demonstrated promising advances in macrophage-based drug delivery, several challenges currently hinder further improvement of therapeutic effect and clinical application. This article focuses on the main challenges of utilizing macrophage-based drug delivery, from the selection of macrophage sources, drug loading, and maintenance of macrophage phenotypes, to drug migration and release at target sites. In addition, corresponding strategies and insights related to these challenges are described. Finally, we also provide perspective on shortcomings on the road to clinical translation and production.
摘要：
作为天然免疫细胞和抗原呈递细胞，巨噬细胞已经被研究和改造以治疗人类疾病。巨噬细胞由于其生物学特性，非常适合用作药物载体，如优异的生物相容性，长循环,内在的炎性归巢和吞噬作用。同时,巨噬细胞独特的高可塑性和易于再教育的极化有助于它们作为治疗炎性疾病或肿瘤的有效疗法的一部分。尽管最近的研究已经证明在基于巨噬细胞的药物递送方面取得了有希望的进展，目前，一些挑战阻碍了治疗效果和临床应用的进一步提高。本文重点介绍了利用基于巨噬细胞的药物递送的主要挑战，从巨噬细胞来源的选择，药物装载，和维持巨噬细胞表型，药物在目标部位迁移和释放。此外,描述了与这些挑战相关的相应策略和见解。最后,我们还对临床翻译和生产道路上的缺点提供了看法。
