Abstract：
Elevated usage of pharmaceutical products leads to the accumulation of emerging contaminants in sewage. In the current work, Ganoderma lucidum (GL) was used to remove pharmaceutical compounds (PCs), proposed as a tertiary method in sewage treatment plants (STPs). The PCs consisted of a group of painkillers (ketoprofen, diclofenac, and dexamethasone), psychiatrists (carbamazepine, venlafaxine, and citalopram), beta-blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, and propranolol), and anti-hypertensives (losartan and valsartan). The performance of 800 mL of synthetic water, effluent STP, and hospital wastewater (HWW) was evaluated. Parameters, including treatment time, inoculum volume, and mechanical agitation speed, have been tested. The toxicity of the GL after treatment is being studied based on exposure levels to zebrafish embryos (ZFET) and the morphology of the GL has been observed via Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The findings conclude that GL can reduce PCs from <10% to >90%. Diclofenac and valsartan are the highest (>90%) in the synthetic model, while citalopram and propranolol (>80%) are in the real wastewater. GL effectively removed pollutants in 48 h, 1% of the inoculum volume, and 50 rpm. The ZFET showed GL is non-toxic (LC50 is 209.95 mg/mL). In the morphology observation, pellets GL do not show major differences after treatment, showing potential to be used for a longer treatment time and to be re-useable in the system. GL offers advantages to removing PCs in water due to their non-specific extracellular enzymes that allow for the biodegradation of PCs and indicates a good potential in real-world applications as a favourable alternative treatment.
摘要：
药物产品的使用增加导致污水中出现的污染物的积累。在目前的工作中,灵芝（GL）用于去除药物化合物（PC），被提议作为污水处理厂(STP)的第三类方法。PC由一组止痛药（酮洛芬，双氯芬酸,和地塞米松)，精神科医生（卡马西平，文拉法辛,和西酞普兰)，β受体阻滞剂（阿替洛尔，美托洛尔,和普萘洛尔)，和抗高血压药（氯沙坦和缬沙坦）。800mL合成水的性能，出水STP,并对医院废水(HWW)进行了评估。参数,包括治疗时间,接种量,和机械搅拌速度，已经过测试。正在根据斑马鱼胚胎（ZFET）的暴露水平研究治疗后GL的毒性，并通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）观察了GL的形态。研究结果得出结论，GL可以将PC从<10%减少到>90%。双氯芬酸和缬沙坦在合成模型中最高(>90%)，而西酞普兰和普萘洛尔（>80％）在实际废水中。GL在48小时内有效去除污染物，接种量的1%，和50转/分钟。ZFET显示GL是无毒的(LC50为209.95mg/mL)。在形态学观察中,处理后，颗粒GL没有显示出重大差异，显示出可能用于更长的治疗时间并可在系统中重复使用。由于其非特异性胞外酶允许PC的生物降解，GL在去除水中的PC方面具有优势，并且在现实应用中作为有利的替代治疗具有良好的潜力。
