Abstract：
To evaluate the mechanical, wear, antibacterial properties, and biocompatibility of injectable composite materials.
Two injectable composite resins (GU and BI), one flowable composite resin (FS), and one flowable compomer (DF), in A2 shade, were tested. Mechanical properties were tested via three-point bending test immediately after preparation and after 1-day, 7-day, 14-day, and 30-day water storage. Under water-PMMA slurry immersion, specimens were subjected to a 3-body wear test (10,000 cycles) against stainless steel balls, while the roughness, wear depth, and volume loss were recorded. After 1-day and 3-day MC3T3-E1 cell culture, cell viability was evaluated with CCK-8 test kits, while the cell morphology was observed under CLSM and SEM. Antibacterial properties on S. mutans were assessed via CFU counting, CLSM, and SEM observation. SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis (α = 0.05).
The mechanical properties were material-dependent and sensitive to water storage. Flexural strength ranked GU > FS > BI > DF at all testing levels. Three nanocomposites had better wear properties than DF. No significant difference on 1-day cell viability was found, but DF showed significantly lower cell proliferation than nanocomposites on 3-day assessment. GU and FS had more favourable cell adhesion and morphology. CFU counting revealed no significant difference, while FS presented a slightly thicker biofilm and BI showed relatively lower bacteria density.
Injectable nanocomposites outperformed the compomer regarding mechanical properties, wear resistance, and biocompatibility. The tested materials presented comparable antibacterial behaviours. Flowable resin-based composites\' performances are affected by multiple factors, and their compositions can be attributed.
A profound understanding of the mechanical, wear, and biological properties of the restorative material is imperative for the clinical success of dental restorations. The current study demonstrated superior properties of highly filled injectable composite resins, which imply their wider indications and better long-term clinical performances.
Two injectable composite resins (GU and BI), one flowable composite resin (FS), and one flowable compomer (DF), in A2 shade, were tested. Mechanical properties were tested via three-point bending test immediately after preparation and after 1-day, 7-day, 14-day, and 30-day water storage. Under water-PMMA slurry immersion, specimens were subjected to a 3-body wear test (10,000 cycles) against stainless steel balls, while the roughness, wear depth, and volume loss were recorded. After 1-day and 3-day MC3T3-E1 cell culture, cell viability was evaluated with CCK-8 test kits, while the cell morphology was observed under CLSM and SEM. Antibacterial properties on S. mutans were assessed via CFU counting, CLSM, and SEM observation. SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis (α = 0.05).
The mechanical properties were material-dependent and sensitive to water storage. Flexural strength ranked GU > FS > BI > DF at all testing levels. Three nanocomposites had better wear properties than DF. No significant difference on 1-day cell viability was found, but DF showed significantly lower cell proliferation than nanocomposites on 3-day assessment. GU and FS had more favourable cell adhesion and morphology. CFU counting revealed no significant difference, while FS presented a slightly thicker biofilm and BI showed relatively lower bacteria density.
Injectable nanocomposites outperformed the compomer regarding mechanical properties, wear resistance, and biocompatibility. The tested materials presented comparable antibacterial behaviours. Flowable resin-based composites\' performances are affected by multiple factors, and their compositions can be attributed.
A profound understanding of the mechanical, wear, and biological properties of the restorative material is imperative for the clinical success of dental restorations. The current study demonstrated superior properties of highly filled injectable composite resins, which imply their wider indications and better long-term clinical performances.
摘要：
目的：为了评估机械，磨损,抗菌性能，可注射复合材料的生物相容性。
方法：两种可注射复合树脂（GU和BI），一种可流动的复合树脂（FS），和一个可流动的复合体（DF），在A2阴影下，进行了测试。在制备后和1天后立即通过三点弯曲试验测试机械性能，7天,14天,和30天的水储存。在水-PMMA浆料浸渍下，试样进行3体磨损试验（10,000个循环）对不锈钢球，而粗糙度，磨损深度,并记录了体积损失。在1天和3天的MC3T3-E1细胞培养后，用CCK-8测试试剂盒评估细胞活力，同时在CLSM和SEM下观察细胞形态。通过CFU计数评估变形链球菌的抗菌特性，CLSM,和SEM观察。采用SPSS26.0进行统计学分析(α=0.05)。
结果：机械性能是材料依赖性的，并且对水的储存敏感。在所有测试水平下,弯曲强度等级为GU>FS>BI>DF。三种纳米复合材料具有比DF更好的耐磨性。在1天的细胞活力没有发现显着差异，但是DF在3天评估中显示出明显低于纳米复合材料的细胞增殖。GU和FS具有更有利的细胞粘附和形态。CFU计数显示无显著差异，而FS呈现略厚的生物膜，BI显示相对较低的细菌密度。
结论：可注射纳米复合材料在机械性能方面优于复合材料，耐磨性，和生物相容性。所测试的材料呈现可比的抗菌行为。可流动红细胞性能受多种因素影响，它们的组成可以归因。
结论：对机械的深刻理解，磨损,修复材料的生物学特性对于牙科修复的临床成功至关重要。目前的研究证明了高填充可注射复合树脂的优异性能，这意味着他们更广泛的适应症和更好的长期临床表现。
方法：两种可注射复合树脂（GU和BI），一种可流动的复合树脂（FS），和一个可流动的复合体（DF），在A2阴影下，进行了测试。在制备后和1天后立即通过三点弯曲试验测试机械性能，7天,14天,和30天的水储存。在水-PMMA浆料浸渍下，试样进行3体磨损试验（10,000个循环）对不锈钢球，而粗糙度，磨损深度,并记录了体积损失。在1天和3天的MC3T3-E1细胞培养后，用CCK-8测试试剂盒评估细胞活力，同时在CLSM和SEM下观察细胞形态。通过CFU计数评估变形链球菌的抗菌特性，CLSM,和SEM观察。采用SPSS26.0进行统计学分析(α=0.05)。
结果：机械性能是材料依赖性的，并且对水的储存敏感。在所有测试水平下,弯曲强度等级为GU>FS>BI>DF。三种纳米复合材料具有比DF更好的耐磨性。在1天的细胞活力没有发现显着差异，但是DF在3天评估中显示出明显低于纳米复合材料的细胞增殖。GU和FS具有更有利的细胞粘附和形态。CFU计数显示无显著差异，而FS呈现略厚的生物膜，BI显示相对较低的细菌密度。
结论：可注射纳米复合材料在机械性能方面优于复合材料，耐磨性，和生物相容性。所测试的材料呈现可比的抗菌行为。可流动红细胞性能受多种因素影响，它们的组成可以归因。
结论：对机械的深刻理解，磨损,修复材料的生物学特性对于牙科修复的临床成功至关重要。目前的研究证明了高填充可注射复合树脂的优异性能，这意味着他们更广泛的适应症和更好的长期临床表现。
