Abstract：
The study gives a morphofunctional assessment of the state of the thyroid gland of tundra voles (Microtus oeconomus Pall.) in conditions of an increased radiation background (the Ukhta district of the Komi Republic (Russia) and the 30-km zone of the Chernobyl NPP), as well as in an experiment with chronic external gamma irradiation in the low dose range. The work summarizes the experience of more than 35 years of field and laboratory research. The authors have noted the high sensitivity of the thyroid gland to chronic radiation against the general irradiation of the organism both in natural conditions and in the experiment. The repeatability of the observed effects in voles from natural populations and the comparability of some effects with the morphological changes occurring in animals after exposure to ionizing radiation in the experiment indicates the radiation nature of these effects. The tundra voles living in conditions of increased radiation background have been identified for a greater variety of morphological rearrangements in the thyroid parenchyma than the experimental animals. The complex and ambiguous nature of the thyroid gland responses to radiation exposure indicates the possibility of a significant increase in the risk of negative effects of ionizing radiation in contrast with the expected results of biological effects\' extrapolation from high to low doses.
摘要：
该研究对苔原田鼠的甲状腺状态进行了形态功能评估（MicrotusoeconomusPall。）在辐射背景增加的条件下（科米共和国（俄罗斯）的Ukhta区和切尔诺贝利核电厂的30公里区域），以及在低剂量范围内的慢性外部伽马射线照射实验中。该工作总结了超过35年的现场和实验室研究经验。作者注意到，在自然条件和实验中，甲状腺对慢性辐射对生物体的一般辐射具有很高的敏感性。在实验中，在自然种群的田鼠中观察到的效应的可重复性以及某些效应与暴露于电离辐射后在动物中发生的形态变化的可比性表明了这些效应的辐射性质。与实验动物相比，生活在辐射背景增加的条件下的苔原田鼠在甲状腺实质中的形态重排更多。甲状腺对辐射暴露反应的复杂性和模糊性表明，与从高剂量到低剂量的生物效应外推的预期结果相比，电离辐射负面影响的风险可能显着增加。
