Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Kidney transplant survival can be improved with better graft surveillance postoperatively. In the quest to explore new technologies, we explored the feasibility of an implantable Doppler probe as a blood flow monitoring device in kidney transplant patients. This qualitative study was embeddedin a feasibility trial and aimed to test the device\'s clinical acceptability and obtain suggestions for the development of the intervention. Objectives included exploring the experiences of feasibility study participants and identifying barriers to the implementation of implantable Doppler probes in clinical practice.
METHODS: We conducted semi-structured interviews containing open-ended questions with 12 feasibility study participants recruited by purposive sampling. All interviews were audio-recorded with verbatim transcription. Thematic data analysis was performed at the latent level by using an inductive approach with a previously published 6-phase guide.
RESULTS: Three key themes emerged: (1) perceived value of the intervention in clinical practice, (2) challenges and barriers to implementation of the intervention, and (3) suggestions forthe development of the intervention. Due to functional limitations and lack of research, medical professional participants revealed clinical equipoise regarding the utility of implantable Doppler probes. However,the device was well received by patient participants. Challenges included device training needs for medical professionals and educational sessions for patients. Innovative ideas for development included the insertion of a display screen, adopting disposable units to reduce overall cost, online access allowing remote monitoring, decreasing external monitoring unit size, and integrating a wireless connection with the probe to reduce signal errors and increase patient safety.
CONCLUSIONS: The clinical need for blood flow sensing technology in kidney transplants has been widely acknowledged. Implantable Doppler probes may be a beneficial adjunct in the early postoperative surveillance of kidney transplant patients. However, the device\'s technical limitations are the main challenges to its acceptance in clinical practice.
METHODS: We conducted semi-structured interviews containing open-ended questions with 12 feasibility study participants recruited by purposive sampling. All interviews were audio-recorded with verbatim transcription. Thematic data analysis was performed at the latent level by using an inductive approach with a previously published 6-phase guide.
RESULTS: Three key themes emerged: (1) perceived value of the intervention in clinical practice, (2) challenges and barriers to implementation of the intervention, and (3) suggestions forthe development of the intervention. Due to functional limitations and lack of research, medical professional participants revealed clinical equipoise regarding the utility of implantable Doppler probes. However,the device was well received by patient participants. Challenges included device training needs for medical professionals and educational sessions for patients. Innovative ideas for development included the insertion of a display screen, adopting disposable units to reduce overall cost, online access allowing remote monitoring, decreasing external monitoring unit size, and integrating a wireless connection with the probe to reduce signal errors and increase patient safety.
CONCLUSIONS: The clinical need for blood flow sensing technology in kidney transplants has been widely acknowledged. Implantable Doppler probes may be a beneficial adjunct in the early postoperative surveillance of kidney transplant patients. However, the device\'s technical limitations are the main challenges to its acceptance in clinical practice.
摘要：
目的：术后更好的移植物监测可以提高肾移植存活率。在探索新技术的过程中，我们探讨了植入式多普勒探头作为肾移植患者血流监测装置的可行性.这项定性研究是在可行性试验中进行的，旨在测试该设备的临床可接受性，并为干预措施的发展提供建议。目标包括探索可行性研究参与者的经验，并确定在临床实践中实施可植入多普勒探头的障碍。
方法：我们对12名通过目的抽样招募的可行性研究参与者进行了包含开放式问题的半结构化访谈。所有访谈都是用逐字转录录音。通过使用归纳方法和先前发布的6相指南，在潜在水平上进行了主题数据分析。
结果：出现了三个关键主题：（1）临床实践中干预措施的感知价值，(2)实施干预的挑战和障碍,(3)干预措施发展的建议。由于功能限制和缺乏研究，医学专业参与者揭示了关于可植入多普勒探头的实用性的临床平衡。然而,该装置受到患者参与者的欢迎。挑战包括医疗专业人员的设备培训需求和患者的教育课程。创新的发展理念包括插入显示屏，采用一次性单元以降低总成本，允许远程监控的在线访问，减小外部监控单元的大小，并将无线连接与探头集成，以减少信号错误并提高患者安全性。
结论：在肾移植中对血流传感技术的临床需求已得到广泛认可。植入式多普勒探头可能是肾移植患者术后早期监测的有益辅助手段。然而,该装置的技术局限性是其在临床实践中被接受的主要挑战。
方法：我们对12名通过目的抽样招募的可行性研究参与者进行了包含开放式问题的半结构化访谈。所有访谈都是用逐字转录录音。通过使用归纳方法和先前发布的6相指南，在潜在水平上进行了主题数据分析。
结果：出现了三个关键主题：（1）临床实践中干预措施的感知价值，(2)实施干预的挑战和障碍,(3)干预措施发展的建议。由于功能限制和缺乏研究，医学专业参与者揭示了关于可植入多普勒探头的实用性的临床平衡。然而,该装置受到患者参与者的欢迎。挑战包括医疗专业人员的设备培训需求和患者的教育课程。创新的发展理念包括插入显示屏，采用一次性单元以降低总成本，允许远程监控的在线访问，减小外部监控单元的大小，并将无线连接与探头集成，以减少信号错误并提高患者安全性。
结论：在肾移植中对血流传感技术的临床需求已得到广泛认可。植入式多普勒探头可能是肾移植患者术后早期监测的有益辅助手段。然而,该装置的技术局限性是其在临床实践中被接受的主要挑战。
