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Abstract：
An increasing number of studies suggest that environmental pollution may increase the risk of vitamin D deficiency (VDD). However, less is known about arsenic (As) exposure and VDD, particularly in Chinese pregnant women.
This study examines the correlations of different urinary As species with serum 25 (OH) D and VDD prevalence.
We measured urinary arsenite (As3+), arsenate (As5+), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) levels and serum 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, 25(OH) D levels in 391 pregnant women in Tianjin, China. The diagnosis of VDD was based on 25(OH) D serum levels. Linear relationship, Logistic regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to examine the associations between urinary As species and VDD.
Of the 391 pregnant women, 60 received a diagnosis of VDD. Baseline information showed significant differences in As3+, DMA, and tAs distribution between pregnant women with and without VDD. Logistic regression showed that As3+ was significantly and positively correlated with VDD (OR: 4.65, 95% CI: 1.79, 13.32). Meanwhile, there was a marginally significant positive correlation between tAs and VDD (OR: 4.27, 95% CI: 1.01, 19.59). BKMR revealed positive correlations between As3+, MMA and VDD. However, negative correlations were found between As5+, DMA and VDD.
According to our study, there were positive correlations between iAs, especially As3+, MMA and VDD, but negative correlations between other As species and VDD. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms that exist between different As species and VDD.
This study examines the correlations of different urinary As species with serum 25 (OH) D and VDD prevalence.
We measured urinary arsenite (As3+), arsenate (As5+), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) levels and serum 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, 25(OH) D levels in 391 pregnant women in Tianjin, China. The diagnosis of VDD was based on 25(OH) D serum levels. Linear relationship, Logistic regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to examine the associations between urinary As species and VDD.
Of the 391 pregnant women, 60 received a diagnosis of VDD. Baseline information showed significant differences in As3+, DMA, and tAs distribution between pregnant women with and without VDD. Logistic regression showed that As3+ was significantly and positively correlated with VDD (OR: 4.65, 95% CI: 1.79, 13.32). Meanwhile, there was a marginally significant positive correlation between tAs and VDD (OR: 4.27, 95% CI: 1.01, 19.59). BKMR revealed positive correlations between As3+, MMA and VDD. However, negative correlations were found between As5+, DMA and VDD.
According to our study, there were positive correlations between iAs, especially As3+, MMA and VDD, but negative correlations between other As species and VDD. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms that exist between different As species and VDD.
摘要：
■越来越多的研究表明，环境污染可能会增加维生素D缺乏（VDD）的风险。然而,对砷(As)暴露和VDD的了解较少，尤其是中国孕妇。
■这项研究检查了不同尿液中As种类与血清25（OH）D和VDD患病率的相关性。
■我们测量了尿亚砷酸盐(As3+)，砷酸盐（As5+），单甲基肌酸（MMA），天津市391例孕妇血清中二甲基亚油酸(DMA)水平及血清25(OH)D2、25(OH)D3、25(OH)D水平,中国。VDD的诊断基于25(OH)D血清水平。线性关系,Logistic回归，和贝叶斯核机回归（BKMR）用于检查尿As种类与VDD之间的关联。
■在391名孕妇中，60接受了VDD的诊断。基线信息显示As3+，DMA,和tAs在有和没有VDD的孕妇之间的分布。Logistic回归分析显示,As3+与VDD呈显著正相关(OR:4.65,95%CI:1.79,13.32)。同时,tAs和VDD之间存在轻微显著正相关(OR:4.27,95%CI:1.01,19.59)。BKMR显示As3+、MMA和VDD。然而,As5+之间呈负相关，DMA和VDD。
■根据我们的研究，iAs之间存在正相关，尤其是As3+，MMA和VDD，但其他As物种与VDD之间呈负相关。需要进一步的研究来确定不同As物种和VDD之间存在的机制。
■这项研究检查了不同尿液中As种类与血清25（OH）D和VDD患病率的相关性。
■我们测量了尿亚砷酸盐(As3+)，砷酸盐（As5+），单甲基肌酸（MMA），天津市391例孕妇血清中二甲基亚油酸(DMA)水平及血清25(OH)D2、25(OH)D3、25(OH)D水平,中国。VDD的诊断基于25(OH)D血清水平。线性关系,Logistic回归，和贝叶斯核机回归（BKMR）用于检查尿As种类与VDD之间的关联。
■在391名孕妇中，60接受了VDD的诊断。基线信息显示As3+，DMA,和tAs在有和没有VDD的孕妇之间的分布。Logistic回归分析显示,As3+与VDD呈显著正相关(OR:4.65,95%CI:1.79,13.32)。同时,tAs和VDD之间存在轻微显著正相关(OR:4.27,95%CI:1.01,19.59)。BKMR显示As3+、MMA和VDD。然而,As5+之间呈负相关，DMA和VDD。
■根据我们的研究，iAs之间存在正相关，尤其是As3+，MMA和VDD，但其他As物种与VDD之间呈负相关。需要进一步的研究来确定不同As物种和VDD之间存在的机制。
