Abstract：
BACKGROUND: In recent years, soft tissue materials have been applied as forehead fillers. Some filling materials need to be removed or refilled in a timely manner in certain situations; therefore, it is important to develop a method to identify the location and type of filling materials. This study summarizes the imaging findings of different filling materials under high-frequency ultrasound, providing a reference for clinical treatment.
METHODS: We screened facial ultrasound images performed at the Plastic Surgery Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from April 2015 to July 2023 and classified and summarized the types of frontal filling materials and their imaging results.
RESULTS: This study included ultrasound imaging results from 114 patients, including 39 with hyaluronic acid (HA) filling, 45 with polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAG) filling, 14 who received autologous fat transplantation, 2 who received prosthesis implantation, 2 who received both HA and PAG filling, and 12 who received silicone oil filling. HA mainly manifests as an anechoic zone on ultrasonography, with images divisible into four types. PAG primarily presents as fine punctate echoes, divisible into five types. Fat transplantation presents as a low-echo area with uneven density, divisible into five types. Finally, the silicone oil-filling material appears as a cloud-like high echo on the forehead, visible throughout the entire skin layer, and unclear imaging in deep tissues.
CONCLUSIONS: High-frequency ultrasound is a safe and reliable method to evaluate the type and position of forehead filling materials, which can be easily applied in clinical practice.
METHODS: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
METHODS: We screened facial ultrasound images performed at the Plastic Surgery Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from April 2015 to July 2023 and classified and summarized the types of frontal filling materials and their imaging results.
RESULTS: This study included ultrasound imaging results from 114 patients, including 39 with hyaluronic acid (HA) filling, 45 with polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAG) filling, 14 who received autologous fat transplantation, 2 who received prosthesis implantation, 2 who received both HA and PAG filling, and 12 who received silicone oil filling. HA mainly manifests as an anechoic zone on ultrasonography, with images divisible into four types. PAG primarily presents as fine punctate echoes, divisible into five types. Fat transplantation presents as a low-echo area with uneven density, divisible into five types. Finally, the silicone oil-filling material appears as a cloud-like high echo on the forehead, visible throughout the entire skin layer, and unclear imaging in deep tissues.
CONCLUSIONS: High-frequency ultrasound is a safe and reliable method to evaluate the type and position of forehead filling materials, which can be easily applied in clinical practice.
METHODS: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
摘要：
背景：近年来，软组织材料已被用作前额填充物。在某些情况下，一些填充材料需要及时移除或重新填充；因此，重要的是开发一种方法来识别填充材料的位置和类型。本研究总结了不同充填材料在高频超声下的影像学表现,为临床治疗提供参考。
方法：我们筛选了2015年4月至2023年7月在中国医学科学院整形外科医院进行的面部超声图像，并对额叶填充材料的类型及其成像结果进行了分类和总结。
结果：本研究包括114例患者的超声成像结果，包括39个透明质酸（HA）填充，45用聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶（PAG）填充，14人接受自体脂肪移植，2人接受了假体植入，2名同时接受HA和PAG填充的人，和12个接受硅油填充的人。HA主要表现为超声检查的消声区，图像可分为四种类型。PAG主要表现为细小的点状回声，可分为五种类型。脂肪移植表现为低回声区，密度不均，可分为五种类型。最后,硅油填充材料在额头上出现云状高回声，可见于整个皮肤层，深部组织成像不清楚。
结论：高频超声是评估额头填充材料类型和位置的一种安全可靠的方法，可以很容易地应用于临床实践。
方法：本期刊要求作者为每篇文章分配一定程度的证据。对于这些循证医学评级的完整描述，请参阅目录或在线作者说明www。springer.com/00266.
方法：我们筛选了2015年4月至2023年7月在中国医学科学院整形外科医院进行的面部超声图像，并对额叶填充材料的类型及其成像结果进行了分类和总结。
结果：本研究包括114例患者的超声成像结果，包括39个透明质酸（HA）填充，45用聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶（PAG）填充，14人接受自体脂肪移植，2人接受了假体植入，2名同时接受HA和PAG填充的人，和12个接受硅油填充的人。HA主要表现为超声检查的消声区，图像可分为四种类型。PAG主要表现为细小的点状回声，可分为五种类型。脂肪移植表现为低回声区，密度不均，可分为五种类型。最后,硅油填充材料在额头上出现云状高回声，可见于整个皮肤层，深部组织成像不清楚。
结论：高频超声是评估额头填充材料类型和位置的一种安全可靠的方法，可以很容易地应用于临床实践。
方法：本期刊要求作者为每篇文章分配一定程度的证据。对于这些循证医学评级的完整描述，请参阅目录或在线作者说明www。springer.com/00266.
