PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Among tropical fruit trees, coconut holds significant edible and economic importance. The natural growth of coconuts faces a challenge in the form of low temperatures, which is a crucial factor among adverse environmental stresses impacting their geographical distribution. Hence, it is essential to enhance our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms through which cold stress influences various coconut varieties. We employed analyses of leaf growth morphology and physiological traits to examine how coconuts respond to low temperatures over 2-hour, 8-hour, 2-day, and 7-day intervals. Additionally, we performed transcriptome and metabolome analyses to identify the molecular and physiological shifts in two coconut varieties displaying distinct sensitivities to the cold stress. As the length of cold stress extended, there was a prominent escalation within the soluble protein (SP), proline (Pro) concentrations, the activity of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the leaves. Contrariwise, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH) underwent a substantial reduction during this period. The widespread analysis of metabolome and transcriptome disclosed a nexus of genes and metabolites intricately cold stress were chiefly involved in pathways centered around amino acid, flavonoid, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. We perceived several stress-responsive metabolites, such as flavonoids, carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids, which unveiled considerably, lower in the genotype subtle to cold stress. Furthermore, we uncovered pivotal genes in the amino acid biosynthesis, antioxidant system and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway that presented down-regulation in coconut varieties sensitive to cold stress. This study broadly enriches our contemporary perception of the molecular machinery that contributes to altering levels of cold stress tolerance amid coconut genotypes. It also unlocks several unique prospects for exploration in the areas of breeding or engineering, aiming to identifying tolerant and/or sensitive coconut varieties encompassing multi-omics layers in response to cold stress conditions.
摘要：
在热带果树中，椰子具有重要的食用和经济意义。椰子的自然生长面临低温形式的挑战，这是影响其地理分布的不利环境压力中的一个关键因素。因此，提高我们对冷胁迫影响各种椰子品种的分子机制的理解至关重要。我们采用了叶片生长形态和生理特性的分析，以检查椰子如何在2小时内对低温做出反应。8小时,2天,和7天的间隔。此外,我们进行了转录组和代谢组分析，以确定分子和生理变化在两个椰子品种表现出不同的敏感性冷胁迫。随着冷应力的延长，在可溶性蛋白（SP）内有明显的升级，脯氨酸（Pro）浓度，叶片中过氧化物酶（POD）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性。相反，在此期间，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH）的活性大大降低。对代谢组和转录组的广泛分析揭示了基因和代谢物的联系，复杂的冷胁迫主要涉及以氨基酸为中心的途径，类黄酮，碳水化合物和脂质代谢。我们发现了几种应激反应的代谢物，如类黄酮，碳水化合物,脂质，和氨基酸，揭开了相当大的面纱，较低的基因型微妙的冷应激。此外，我们发现了氨基酸生物合成中的关键基因，抗氧化系统和类黄酮生物合成途径在对冷胁迫敏感的椰子品种中呈现下调。这项研究广泛地丰富了我们对分子机制的当代认识，这些分子机制有助于改变椰子基因型中的冷胁迫耐受性水平。它还为育种或工程领域的探索打开了几个独特的前景，旨在确定耐受和/或敏感的椰子品种，包括响应冷胁迫条件的多组学层。
