Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Invasive meningococcal isolates in South Africa have in previous years (<2008) been characterized by serogroup B, C, W and Y lineages over time, with penicillin intermediate resistance (peni) at 6%. We describe the population structure and genomic markers of peni among invasive meningococcal isolates in South Africa, 2016-2021.
METHODS: Meningococcal isolates were collected through national, laboratory-based invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) surveillance. Phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing were performed, and the mechanism of reduced penicillin susceptibility was assessed in silico.
RESULTS: Of 585 IMD cases reported during the study period, culture and PCR-based capsular group was determined for 477/585 (82%); and 241/477 (51%) were sequenced. Predominant serogroups included NmB (210/477; 44%), NmW (116/477; 24%), NmY (96/477; 20%) and NmC (48/477; 10%). Predominant clonal complexes (CC) were CC41/44 in NmB (27/113; 24%), CC11 in NmW (46/56; 82%), CC167 in NmY (23/44; 53%), and CC865 in NmC (9/24; 38%). Peni was detected in 16% (42/262) of isolates, and was due to the presence of a penA mosaic, with the majority harboring penA7, penA9 or penA14.
CONCLUSIONS: IMD lineages circulating in South Africa were consistent with those circulating prior to 2008, however peni was higher than previously reported, and occurred in a variety of lineages.
METHODS: Meningococcal isolates were collected through national, laboratory-based invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) surveillance. Phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing were performed, and the mechanism of reduced penicillin susceptibility was assessed in silico.
RESULTS: Of 585 IMD cases reported during the study period, culture and PCR-based capsular group was determined for 477/585 (82%); and 241/477 (51%) were sequenced. Predominant serogroups included NmB (210/477; 44%), NmW (116/477; 24%), NmY (96/477; 20%) and NmC (48/477; 10%). Predominant clonal complexes (CC) were CC41/44 in NmB (27/113; 24%), CC11 in NmW (46/56; 82%), CC167 in NmY (23/44; 53%), and CC865 in NmC (9/24; 38%). Peni was detected in 16% (42/262) of isolates, and was due to the presence of a penA mosaic, with the majority harboring penA7, penA9 or penA14.
CONCLUSIONS: IMD lineages circulating in South Africa were consistent with those circulating prior to 2008, however peni was higher than previously reported, and occurred in a variety of lineages.
摘要：
背景：南非的侵袭性脑膜炎球菌分离株在前几年（<2008年）以血清群B为特征，C,随着时间的推移，W和Y血统，青霉素中间耐药(peni)为6%。我们描述了南非侵袭性脑膜炎球菌分离株中peni的种群结构和基因组标记，2016-2021年。
方法：通过国家收集脑膜炎球菌分离株，基于实验室的侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病（IMD）监测。进行了表型抗菌素药敏试验和全基因组测序,并对青霉素敏感性降低的机制进行了计算机评估。
结果：在研究期间报告的585例IMD病例中，培养和基于PCR的荚膜组确定为477/585（82％）；并对241/477（51％）进行了测序。主要血清群包括NmB(210/477;44%)，NmW(116/477;24%),NmY（96/477；20%）和NmC（48/477；10%）。主要克隆复合物（CC）是NmB中的CC41/44（27/113；24％），CC11单位：NmW（46/56；82%），CC167在NmY（23/44；53%），NmC中的CC865（9/24；38%）。在16％（42/262）的分离物中检测到Peni，是由于pena马赛克的存在，其中大多数拥有penA7，penA9或penA14。
结论：在南非传播的IMD谱系与2008年之前的谱系一致，但是peni比以前报道的要高，发生在各种谱系中。
方法：通过国家收集脑膜炎球菌分离株，基于实验室的侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病（IMD）监测。进行了表型抗菌素药敏试验和全基因组测序,并对青霉素敏感性降低的机制进行了计算机评估。
结果：在研究期间报告的585例IMD病例中，培养和基于PCR的荚膜组确定为477/585（82％）；并对241/477（51％）进行了测序。主要血清群包括NmB(210/477;44%)，NmW(116/477;24%),NmY（96/477；20%）和NmC（48/477；10%）。主要克隆复合物（CC）是NmB中的CC41/44（27/113；24％），CC11单位：NmW（46/56；82%），CC167在NmY（23/44；53%），NmC中的CC865（9/24；38%）。在16％（42/262）的分离物中检测到Peni，是由于pena马赛克的存在，其中大多数拥有penA7，penA9或penA14。
结论：在南非传播的IMD谱系与2008年之前的谱系一致，但是peni比以前报道的要高，发生在各种谱系中。
