Abstract：
Objective: This systematic review aims to assess the impact of music therapy and musical interventions on neuropsychiatric outcomes among patients with moderate and severe mental disorders, in comparison with conventional treatment in isolation. Methods: The review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted on November 16, 2021, using the following databases and search interfaces: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, SCOPUS, Web of Science; PubMed, PsycINFO, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, and Scientific Electronic Library Online. Two authors independently assessed the studies for inclusion criteria, extracted the data, and evaluated the quality of the included studies using critical appraisal tools. Results: In total, 17 studies were included, 9 of which were randomized controlled trials. The experimental studies involved 5,082 adult and elderly patients. The most prevalent symptoms assessed in the studies were anxiety, depression, and positive and negative symptoms of psychotic disorders. Music interventions were predominantly conducted by music therapists and nurses, providing passive interventions with the selection of musical repertoire by therapists and patients. The frequency with which musical interventions occurred varied greatly in terms of session duration, number of times per week, and number of times during the day. The identified study designs included clinical and quasi-experimental studies. In terms of methodological quality, clinical studies showed weaknesses regarding deviations from intended interventions. Conclusion: The effectiveness of music therapy and musical interventions for neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with moderate and severe mental disorders was evident in quasi-experimental and clinical studies with satisfactory methodological quality. Musical interventions, in various forms of application, represent an interdisciplinary therapeutic tool that complements and enhances conventional treatment. Unlike conventional treatments, the immersive and integrative nature of music interventions allows access to both intrapersonal and interpersonal dimensions during periods of psychic suffering. These findings highlight the importance of researchers addressing methodological limitations, such as deviations from intended interventions, and advocate for the expansion the use of music in community treatment settings.
摘要：
目的：本系统评价旨在评估音乐疗法和音乐干预对中度和重度精神障碍患者神经精神预后的影响。与常规隔离治疗相比。方法：审查遵循系统审查和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目。2021年11月16日，使用以下数据库和搜索界面进行了全面搜索：护理和相关健康文献的累积指数，Embase,Scopus,WebofScience;PubMed,PsycINFO,LiteraturaLatino-AmericanaedoCaribeemCiènciasdaSaúde，和科学电子图书馆在线。两位作者独立评估了纳入标准的研究，提取数据，并使用关键评估工具评估纳入研究的质量。结果：总的来说，包括17项研究，其中9项为随机对照试验。实验研究涉及5,082名成人和老年患者。研究中评估的最普遍的症状是焦虑，抑郁症,以及精神病的阳性和阴性症状。音乐干预主要由音乐治疗师和护士进行，提供由治疗师和患者选择音乐曲目的被动干预。音乐干预发生的频率在会话持续时间方面差异很大，每周的次数，以及白天的次数。确定的研究设计包括临床和准实验研究。在方法质量方面，临床研究显示,与预期干预措施的偏差存在缺陷.结论：音乐疗法和音乐干预对中重度精神障碍患者神经精神症状的治疗效果在准实验和临床研究中都是明显的，方法学质量令人满意。音乐干预,在各种形式的应用中，代表一个跨学科的治疗工具，补充和增强常规治疗。与常规治疗不同,音乐干预的身临其境和整合的性质允许在精神痛苦时期访问内部和人际维度。这些发现强调了研究人员解决方法论局限性的重要性，例如偏离预期的干预措施，并倡导在社区治疗环境中扩大音乐的使用。
