Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Moshen Fuyuan Formula (MSFY) is one of the representative Chinese medicine compound for Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), that originate from Fang Ji Huang Qi decoction in the Han dynasty. IMN is usually accompanied by different tongue coatings in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and tongue microorganisms are important factors affecting the formation of the tongue coating. Recently, oral microbiomes, including bacteria and fungi, have been identified as pivotal factors that contribute to disease development. However, the regulation of oral microbiomes by MSFY has not been defined.
OBJECTIVE: In this work, we explore the characteristics of oral bacteria and fungi in IMN patients with different tongue coatings, and clarify the therapeutic effect of MSFY based on oral microbiome.
METHODS: We enrolled 24 patients with IMN, including 11 with white tongue (IMN-W) and 13 with yellow tongue (IMN-Y), and recruited an additional 10 healthy individuals. Patients with IMN were treated with the MSFY. The oral bacteriome and fungi before and after treatment were detected using full-length 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer gene sequencing.
RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of MSFY on patients with yellow tongue coating was more significant than that on patients with white tongue coating. In terms of oral bacteriome, Campylobacter bacteria were enriched in patients with yellow tongue and could be a promising biomarker for yellow coating. Enrichment of Veillonella parvula_A may partially account for the therapeutic effect of MSFY. As for oral fungi, Malassezia globosa was enhanced in patients with IMN-W and reduced in patients with IMN-Y. Notably, it was reduced by MSFY. We also found that mycobiome-bacteriome interactions were highly complex and dynamic in patients with IMN.
CONCLUSIONS: The regulation of the dynamic balance between oral fungi and bacteria by MSFY contributes to the treatment of IMN. This study determined the oral bacteriome and mycobiome of patients with IMN with different tongue coatings before and after MSFY treatment, which aids in promoting personalized treatment in clinical TCM and provides direction for investigating the mechanism of Chinese herbal medicines.
OBJECTIVE: In this work, we explore the characteristics of oral bacteria and fungi in IMN patients with different tongue coatings, and clarify the therapeutic effect of MSFY based on oral microbiome.
METHODS: We enrolled 24 patients with IMN, including 11 with white tongue (IMN-W) and 13 with yellow tongue (IMN-Y), and recruited an additional 10 healthy individuals. Patients with IMN were treated with the MSFY. The oral bacteriome and fungi before and after treatment were detected using full-length 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer gene sequencing.
RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of MSFY on patients with yellow tongue coating was more significant than that on patients with white tongue coating. In terms of oral bacteriome, Campylobacter bacteria were enriched in patients with yellow tongue and could be a promising biomarker for yellow coating. Enrichment of Veillonella parvula_A may partially account for the therapeutic effect of MSFY. As for oral fungi, Malassezia globosa was enhanced in patients with IMN-W and reduced in patients with IMN-Y. Notably, it was reduced by MSFY. We also found that mycobiome-bacteriome interactions were highly complex and dynamic in patients with IMN.
CONCLUSIONS: The regulation of the dynamic balance between oral fungi and bacteria by MSFY contributes to the treatment of IMN. This study determined the oral bacteriome and mycobiome of patients with IMN with different tongue coatings before and after MSFY treatment, which aids in promoting personalized treatment in clinical TCM and provides direction for investigating the mechanism of Chinese herbal medicines.
摘要：
背景：墨神复元方（MSFY）是治疗特发性膜性肾病（IMN）的代表性中药复方之一，起源于汉代方济黄芪汤。IMN通常伴随着不同的舌苔在中医(TCM),舌微生物是影响舌苔形成的重要因素。最近,口腔微生物组，包括细菌和真菌,已被确定为有助于疾病发展的关键因素。然而,MSFY对口腔微生物群的调节尚未确定。
目的：在这项工作中，探讨不同舌苔IMN患者口腔细菌和真菌的特点,并阐明基于口腔微生物组的MSFY治疗效果。
方法：我们招募了24例IMN患者，包括11个白舌（IMN-W）和13个黄舌（IMN-Y），并招募了另外10名健康个体。IMN患者用MSFY治疗。使用全长16SrRNA和内部转录间隔基因测序检测治疗前后的口腔细菌组和真菌。
结果：MSFY对黄舌苔患者的治疗效果优于白舌苔患者。就口腔细菌而言，弯曲杆菌在黄舌患者中富集，可能是黄色涂层的有希望的生物标志物。小风Veillonella_A的富集可能部分解释了MSFY的治疗效果。至于口腔真菌，IMN-W患者球形马拉色菌增强，IMN-Y患者减少。值得注意的是,它被MSFY减少了。我们还发现，在IMN患者中，分枝杆菌-细菌相互作用是高度复杂和动态的。
结论：MSFY调节口腔真菌和细菌之间的动态平衡有助于IMN的治疗。这项研究确定了MSFY治疗前后不同舌苔的IMN患者的口腔细菌组和分枝杆菌组。这有助于促进中医临床个性化治疗，为研究中药作用机理提供了方向。
目的：在这项工作中，探讨不同舌苔IMN患者口腔细菌和真菌的特点,并阐明基于口腔微生物组的MSFY治疗效果。
方法：我们招募了24例IMN患者，包括11个白舌（IMN-W）和13个黄舌（IMN-Y），并招募了另外10名健康个体。IMN患者用MSFY治疗。使用全长16SrRNA和内部转录间隔基因测序检测治疗前后的口腔细菌组和真菌。
结果：MSFY对黄舌苔患者的治疗效果优于白舌苔患者。就口腔细菌而言，弯曲杆菌在黄舌患者中富集，可能是黄色涂层的有希望的生物标志物。小风Veillonella_A的富集可能部分解释了MSFY的治疗效果。至于口腔真菌，IMN-W患者球形马拉色菌增强，IMN-Y患者减少。值得注意的是,它被MSFY减少了。我们还发现，在IMN患者中，分枝杆菌-细菌相互作用是高度复杂和动态的。
结论：MSFY调节口腔真菌和细菌之间的动态平衡有助于IMN的治疗。这项研究确定了MSFY治疗前后不同舌苔的IMN患者的口腔细菌组和分枝杆菌组。这有助于促进中医临床个性化治疗，为研究中药作用机理提供了方向。
