Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects approximately 48% of women of reproductive age worldwide. It can lead to functional impairment, lower quality of life, and decreased work productivity. Despite the availability of medical treatment options, women are seeking alternative interventions because of concerns of harmful side effects and limited evidence of efficacy associated with pharmacological treatments. To date, high-quality research investigating the effects of dietary and nutrient intervention on PMS is limited.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review investigated the effect of nutritional interventions on the psychological symptoms of PMS.
METHODS: Five electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English from inception to October 2022. Trials eligible for inclusion were nutritional intervention studies involving women of reproductive age that measured PMS-associated psychological outcomes.
METHODS: Articles were selected using prespecified inclusion criteria. Data screening and extraction and risk-of-bias assessments were conducted by 3 independent reviewers using article screening software and the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool.
METHODS: Thirty-two articles reporting on 31 RCTs involving 3254 participants, ranging in age from 15 to 50 years were included and narratively reviewed. Only 1 of the included studies had a low risk of bias. Treatment with vitamin B6, calcium, and zinc consistently had significant positive effects on the psychological symptoms of PMS. There was insufficient evidence to support the effects of vitamin B1, vitamin D, whole-grain carbohydrates, soy isoflavones, dietary fatty acids, magnesium, multivitamin supplementation, or PMS-specific diets.
CONCLUSIONS: There is some evidence to support the use of nutritional interventions for improving psychological symptoms of PMS. However, more research using consistent protocols, procedures to minimize risk of bias, intention-to-treat analysis, and clearer reporting is required to provide conclusive nutritional recommendations for improving PMS-related psychological outcomes.
UNASSIGNED: CRD42022369999.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review investigated the effect of nutritional interventions on the psychological symptoms of PMS.
METHODS: Five electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English from inception to October 2022. Trials eligible for inclusion were nutritional intervention studies involving women of reproductive age that measured PMS-associated psychological outcomes.
METHODS: Articles were selected using prespecified inclusion criteria. Data screening and extraction and risk-of-bias assessments were conducted by 3 independent reviewers using article screening software and the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool.
METHODS: Thirty-two articles reporting on 31 RCTs involving 3254 participants, ranging in age from 15 to 50 years were included and narratively reviewed. Only 1 of the included studies had a low risk of bias. Treatment with vitamin B6, calcium, and zinc consistently had significant positive effects on the psychological symptoms of PMS. There was insufficient evidence to support the effects of vitamin B1, vitamin D, whole-grain carbohydrates, soy isoflavones, dietary fatty acids, magnesium, multivitamin supplementation, or PMS-specific diets.
CONCLUSIONS: There is some evidence to support the use of nutritional interventions for improving psychological symptoms of PMS. However, more research using consistent protocols, procedures to minimize risk of bias, intention-to-treat analysis, and clearer reporting is required to provide conclusive nutritional recommendations for improving PMS-related psychological outcomes.
UNASSIGNED: CRD42022369999.
摘要：
背景：经前期综合征（PMS）影响全世界约48％的育龄妇女。它会导致功能损害，生活质量较低，降低工作效率。尽管有医疗选择，由于担心有害副作用和药物治疗相关疗效的证据有限,女性正在寻求其他干预措施.迄今为止,研究膳食和营养干预对经前综合征影响的高质量研究是有限的。
目的：本系统评价了营养干预对PMS心理症状的影响。
方法：从开始到2022年10月，搜索了五个电子数据库以英文发表的随机对照试验（RCT）。符合纳入条件的试验是涉及育龄妇女的营养干预研究，这些研究测量了PMS相关的心理结果。
方法：使用预先指定的纳入标准选择文章。数据筛选和提取以及偏倚风险评估由3名独立审阅者使用文章筛选软件和Cochrane偏差风险2工具进行。
方法：32篇文章报告了31个RCT，涉及3254名参与者，纳入年龄从15岁到50岁不等,并进行了叙述性审查.纳入研究中只有1项偏倚风险较低。用维生素B6，钙治疗，锌对PMS的心理症状有显著的积极作用。没有足够的证据支持维生素B1，维生素D，全谷物碳水化合物，大豆异黄酮，膳食脂肪酸，镁，多种维生素补充剂，或PMS特定的饮食。
结论：有一些证据支持使用营养干预来改善PMS的心理症状。然而,更多的研究使用一致的协议，最小化偏见风险的程序，意向治疗分析，并且需要更清晰的报告来提供结论性的营养建议，以改善与PMS相关的心理结局。
■CRD42022369999。
目的：本系统评价了营养干预对PMS心理症状的影响。
方法：从开始到2022年10月，搜索了五个电子数据库以英文发表的随机对照试验（RCT）。符合纳入条件的试验是涉及育龄妇女的营养干预研究，这些研究测量了PMS相关的心理结果。
方法：使用预先指定的纳入标准选择文章。数据筛选和提取以及偏倚风险评估由3名独立审阅者使用文章筛选软件和Cochrane偏差风险2工具进行。
方法：32篇文章报告了31个RCT，涉及3254名参与者，纳入年龄从15岁到50岁不等,并进行了叙述性审查.纳入研究中只有1项偏倚风险较低。用维生素B6，钙治疗，锌对PMS的心理症状有显著的积极作用。没有足够的证据支持维生素B1，维生素D，全谷物碳水化合物，大豆异黄酮，膳食脂肪酸，镁，多种维生素补充剂，或PMS特定的饮食。
结论：有一些证据支持使用营养干预来改善PMS的心理症状。然而,更多的研究使用一致的协议，最小化偏见风险的程序，意向治疗分析，并且需要更清晰的报告来提供结论性的营养建议，以改善与PMS相关的心理结局。
■CRD42022369999。
