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Abstract：
Globally, Enterocytozoon bieneusi has been detected in humans and various animal hosts. Wild rats and shrews have the potential to act as carriers of E. bieneusi, facilitating the parasite\'s transmission to humans and domestic animals. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of E. bieneusi in 652 wild rats and shrews from Zhejiang Province, China, by amplifying the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To determine animal species, we amplified the Cytochrome b (Cyt-b) gene in their fecal DNA using PCR. Furthermore, we determined the genotype of E. bieneusi by amplifying the ITS region of rDNA through PCR. Genetic traits and zoonotic potential were evaluated using similarity and phylogenetic analyses. Suncus murinus (n = 282) and five rat species, Rattus losea (n = 18), Apodemus agrarius (n = 36), Rattus tanezumi (n = 86), Rattus norvegicus (n = 155), and Niviventer niviventer (n = 75), were identified. The average infection rate of E. bieneusi was 14.1% (92/652) with 18.1% (51/282) in S. murinus and 11.1% (41/370) in rats (27.8% in R. losea, 22.2% in A. agrarius, 10.5% in R. tanezumi, 8.4% in R. norvegicus, and 8.0% in N. niviventer). Thirty-three genotypes were identified, including 16 known genotypes. The most commonly known genotypes were HNR-VI (n = 47) and Peru11 (n = 6). Type IV, KIN-1, SHW7, and HNPL-II were each found in two samples, while Macaque4, CH5, K, Henan-III, Henan-V, HNP-II, HNPL-I, HNPL-III, HNHZ-II, and HNHZ-III were each found in one sample. Additionally, 17 novel genotypes were discovered: WZR-VIII (n = 5), WZR-I to WZR-VII, WZR-IX to WZR-XII, and WZSH-I to WZSH-V (n = 1 each). Those 33 genotypes were divided into three groups: Group 1 (n = 25), Group 2 (n = 3), and Group 13 (n = 5). The initial report underscores the extensive occurrence and notable genetic diversity of E. bieneusi in wild rats and shrews from Zhejiang province, China. These results suggest that these animals play a pivotal role in the transmission of E. bieneusi. Furthermore, animals carrying the zoonotic genotypes of E. bieneusi pose a serious threat to residents.
摘要：
全球范围内,已在人类和各种动物宿主中检测到肠孢子虫。野生老鼠和sh有可能成为E.bieneusi的携带者，促进寄生虫传播给人类和家畜。我们旨在调查浙江省652只野生大鼠和sh中E.bieneusi的流行情况。中国,通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增rDNA的内部转录间隔区（ITS）。为了确定动物种类，我们使用PCR扩增了粪便DNA中的细胞色素b（Cyt-b）基因。此外，我们通过PCR扩增rDNA的ITS区域来确定E.bieneusi的基因型。使用相似性和系统发育分析评估了遗传性状和人畜共患潜力。Suncusmurinus（n=282）和5种大鼠，Rattuslosea（n=18），农业食齿（n=36），Rattustanezumi（n=86），褐家鼠（n=155），和Niviventer（n=75），已确定。E.bieneusi的平均感染率为14.1％（92/652），其中S.murinus为18.1％（51/282），大鼠为11.1％（41/370）（R.losea为27.8％，农业中22.2%，R.tanezumi的10.5%，在R.norvegicus中8.4%，和8.0%在尼维斯特）。鉴定出33种基因型,包括16种已知基因型。最常见的基因型是HNR-VI（n=47）和Peru11（n=6）。IV型,KIN-1、SHW7和HNPL-II分别在两个样本中发现，而Macaque4,CH5,K,河南-III，河南五号,HNP-II,HNPL-I,HNPL-III,HNHZ-II,和HNHZ-III分别在一个样本中发现。此外,发现了17种新的基因型：WZR-VIII（n=5），WZR-I到WZR-VII,WZR-IX到WZR-XII,和WZSH-I至WZSH-V(各n=1)。这33种基因型分为三组：第1组（n=25），第2组（n=3），和第13组(n=5)。初步报告强调了浙江省野鼠和sh中E.bieneusi的广泛存在和显着的遗传多样性，中国。这些结果表明，这些动物在E.bieneusi的传播中起关键作用。此外，携带E.bieneusi人畜共患病基因型的动物对居民构成严重威胁。
