PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The purpose of this study was to characterize in detail the reproductive strategy, course of embryogenesis, and development of larvae in three species of fishes of the genus Cichlasoma: the green terror (Andinoacara rivulatus), the red discus (Symphysodon discus), and the jaguar cichlid (Parachromis managuensis). Eggs for the study were obtained from five pairs of each species (300 eggs from each female) and incubated at 26 °C. The developing eggs were observed under a microscope (Carl Zeiss Stereo Discovery. V12 and Nikon 2000SE software (NIS-Elements F 4.30.01 64-bit) from fertilization to larval hatching until complete yolk-sac resorption. The largest average number of eggs per female was found in the jaguar cichlid (x¯ = 2991 eggs), a smaller average number of eggs was shown in the green terror (x¯ = 922 eggs), and the red discus showed the smallest average number of eggs (x¯ = 300 eggs). There were significant differences in the sizes of the eggs of the studied species: jaguar cichlid eggs were the smallest (1.060 ± 0.05 mm3), red discus eggs were larger (1.070 ± 0.07 mm3), and green terror eggs were the largest (1.365 ± 0.16 mm3). The embryogenesis time in the red discus was 2132 °H (82 Hpf), in the green terror it was 2158 °H (83 Hpf), and the longest in the jaguar cichlid was 2470 °H (87 Hpf). At the end of embryogenesis, the average size of the larvae after hatching was measured (red discus x¯ = 4.346 mm, green terror x¯ = 5.203 mm, and jaguar cichlid x¯ = 5.301 mm) and the time of yolk-sac resorption from the moment of hatching to the transition from endogenous to exogenous feeding was determined (jaguar cichlid 5 days, green terror 6 days, and red discus 3 days). The results of this study may contribute to the development of reproductive biotechnology for the studied fishes that could be used in aquaculture and, thus, help protect them in their natural habitats.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是详细描述生殖策略，胚胎发生过程，和三种Cichlasoma属鱼类的幼虫发育：绿色恐怖（Andinoacararivulatus），红色铁饼（Symphysodon铁饼），和美洲虎丽鱼科鱼（Parachromismanaguensis）。从每种物种的五对（每个雌性的300个卵）中获得用于研究的卵，并在26°C下孵育。在显微镜下观察发育中的卵（CarlZeissStereoDiscovery。V12和尼康2000SE软件（NIS-ElementsF4.30.0164位）从受精到幼虫孵化，直到卵黄囊完全吸收。每个雌性平均卵数最大的是美洲虎丽鱼科鱼（x''=2991个卵），在绿色恐怖中显示了较小的平均鸡蛋数量（x“=922个鸡蛋），和红色铁饼显示最小的平均数量的鸡蛋（x'=300个鸡蛋）。研究物种的卵大小存在显着差异：美洲豹丽鱼卵最小（1.060±0.05mm3），红色铁饼卵较大（1.070±0.07mm3），绿色恐怖卵最大（1.365±0.16mm3）。红色铁饼的胚胎发生时间为2132°H（82Hpf），在绿色恐怖中，它是2158°H（83Hpf），美洲虎中最长的丽鱼科鱼是2470°H（87Hpf）。在胚胎发生的最后阶段,测量孵化后幼虫的平均大小(红铁饼x=4.346毫米，绿色恐怖x=5.203毫米，和美洲虎丽鱼科鱼x'=5.301mm），并确定了从孵化到从内源性到外源性摄食过渡的卵黄囊吸收时间（美洲虎丽鱼科鱼5天，绿色恐怖6天，和红色铁饼3天）。这项研究的结果可能有助于开发可用于水产养殖的研究鱼类的生殖生物技术，因此，帮助保护他们的自然栖息地。
