PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that presents a deficit in accuracy and/or fluency while reading or spelling that is not expected given the level of cognitive functioning. Research indicates brain structural changes mainly in the left hemisphere, comprising arcuate fasciculus (AF) and corona radiata (CR). The purpose of this systematic review is to better understand the possible methods for analyzing Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) data while accounting for the characteristics of dyslexia in the last decade of the literature. Among 124 articles screened from PubMed and Scopus, 49 met inclusion criteria, focusing on dyslexia without neurological or psychiatric comorbidities. Article selection involved paired evaluation, with a third reviewer resolving discrepancies. The selected articles were analyzed using two topics: (1) a demographic and cognitive assessment of the sample and (2) DTI acquisition and analysis. Predominantly, studies centered on English-speaking children with reading difficulties, with preserved non-verbal intelligence, attention, and memory, and deficits in reading tests, rapid automatic naming, and phonological awareness. Structural differences were found mainly in the left AF in all ages and in the bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus for readers-children and adults. A better understanding of structural brain changes of dyslexia and neuroadaptations can be a guide for future interventions.
摘要：
阅读障碍是一种神经发育障碍，在阅读或拼写时存在准确性和/或流畅性的缺陷，鉴于认知功能的水平，这是预期不到的。研究表明大脑结构变化主要在左半球,包括弓形束状（AF）和日冕辐射（CR）。本系统综述的目的是更好地了解分析扩散张量成像（DTI）数据的可能方法，同时考虑文献最后十年中阅读障碍的特征。在PubMed和Scopus筛选的124篇文章中，49符合纳入标准，专注于没有神经或精神合并症的阅读障碍。文章选择涉及配对评估，由第三位审稿人解决差异。使用两个主题对选定的文章进行分析：（1）样本的人口统计学和认知评估，以及（2）DTI获取和分析。主要是,研究集中在英语阅读困难的儿童，保留了非语言智力，注意,和记忆，和阅读测试的缺陷，快速自动命名，和语音意识。对于读者，儿童和成人，主要在所有年龄段的左侧AF和双侧上纵束中发现了结构差异。更好地了解阅读障碍和神经适应的结构性大脑变化可以为未来的干预提供指导。
