PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Visual motion information plays an important role in the control of movements in sports. Skilled ball players are thought to acquire accurate visual information by using an effective visual search strategy with eye and head movements. However, differences in catching ability and gaze movements due to sports experience and expertise have not been clarified. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of gaze strategies based on eye and head movements during a ball-catching task in athlete and novice groups. Participants were softball and tennis players and college students who were not experienced in ball sports (novice). They performed a one-handed catching task using a tennis ball-shooting machine, which was placed at 9 m in front of the participants, and two conditions were set depending on the height of the ball trajectory (high and low conditions). Their head and eye velocities were detected using a gyroscope and electrooculography (EOG) during the task. Our results showed that the upward head velocity and the downward eye velocity were lower in the softball group than in the tennis and novice groups. When the head was pitched upward, the downward eye velocity was induced from the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) during ball catching. Therefore, it is suggested that skilled ball players have relatively stable head and eye movements, which may lead to an effective gaze strategy. An advantage of the stationary gaze in the softball group could be to acquire visual information about the surroundings other than the ball.
摘要：
视觉运动信息在运动控制中起着重要作用。熟练的球手被认为通过使用具有眼睛和头部运动的有效视觉搜索策略来获取准确的视觉信息。然而,由于运动经验和专业知识而导致的捕捉能力和注视运动的差异尚未得到澄清。因此,这项研究的目的是确定在运动员和新手组的接球任务中基于眼睛和头部运动的凝视策略的特征。参与者是垒球和网球运动员以及没有球类运动经验的大学生（新手）。他们用网球射击机单手抓球,放置在参与者前面9m处，根据球轨迹的高度设置两个条件（高条件和低条件）。在任务期间，使用陀螺仪和眼电图（EOG）检测了他们的头部和眼睛速度。我们的结果表明，垒球组的向上头部速度和向下眼睛速度低于网球和新手组。当头部向上倾斜时，在接球过程中，前庭眼反射（VOR）引起了眼速下降。因此,建议熟练的球手头部和眼睛运动相对稳定，这可能会导致有效的凝视策略。垒球组中的静止凝视的优点可以是获取关于除了球之外的周围环境的视觉信息。
