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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Myiasis is a neglected disease, characterized by ill-defined diagnostics and management protocols. Published epidemiological and clinical studies of myiasis are still scarce, although several countries, such as Oman, have reported a few cases over the past 30 years. This study explores the epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of myiasis in South Batinah Governorate (SBG), Oman.
METHODS: A prospective surveillance study was conducted in SBG from 1st November 2018 to 31st October 2019. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected using a pre-designed reporting form for suspected and confirmed cases.
RESULTS: A total of 188 cases were reported, of which 81.4% were male. One-third of cases were 11-20 years old, and a quarter reported exposure inside house. The rate of exposure was 16 per 10000 in Nakhal and Wadi Mawel. About 57% patients reported multiple re-exposure. Almost 60% of patients developed nasal or oral myiasis, 25% developed myiasis in the eye, and 4% in the ear. The most common respiratory symptoms were cough (83%), runny nose (48%), and foreign body sensation (35%). Over 50% of patients with eye exposures had redness, pain, and itchiness. Most patients (89.3%) kept animals at homes. Many cases occurred between December 2018 and April 2019, with almost one-third of exposures occurring at 5 p.m. Re-exposure likelihood for patients residing in Nakhal and Wadi Mawel was high; OR = 2.49 (95% CI 1.14-5.45), with OR = 3.59 (95% CI 1.37-9.39) for 11-20-year-olds and, OR = 3.01 (95% CI 1.07-8.42) for patients ≥ 31 years.
CONCLUSIONS: The myiasis exposure rate is high in certain areas and age groups, which is most likely associated with animal-related activities. The disease has a significant impact upon people\'s health in SBG. Therefore, urgent active-surveillance and clinical studies are warranted to explore possible preventive measures and treatment options. Adopting one health approach could offer an effective strategy for preventing myiasis in human and animal populations.
METHODS: A prospective surveillance study was conducted in SBG from 1st November 2018 to 31st October 2019. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected using a pre-designed reporting form for suspected and confirmed cases.
RESULTS: A total of 188 cases were reported, of which 81.4% were male. One-third of cases were 11-20 years old, and a quarter reported exposure inside house. The rate of exposure was 16 per 10000 in Nakhal and Wadi Mawel. About 57% patients reported multiple re-exposure. Almost 60% of patients developed nasal or oral myiasis, 25% developed myiasis in the eye, and 4% in the ear. The most common respiratory symptoms were cough (83%), runny nose (48%), and foreign body sensation (35%). Over 50% of patients with eye exposures had redness, pain, and itchiness. Most patients (89.3%) kept animals at homes. Many cases occurred between December 2018 and April 2019, with almost one-third of exposures occurring at 5 p.m. Re-exposure likelihood for patients residing in Nakhal and Wadi Mawel was high; OR = 2.49 (95% CI 1.14-5.45), with OR = 3.59 (95% CI 1.37-9.39) for 11-20-year-olds and, OR = 3.01 (95% CI 1.07-8.42) for patients ≥ 31 years.
CONCLUSIONS: The myiasis exposure rate is high in certain areas and age groups, which is most likely associated with animal-related activities. The disease has a significant impact upon people\'s health in SBG. Therefore, urgent active-surveillance and clinical studies are warranted to explore possible preventive measures and treatment options. Adopting one health approach could offer an effective strategy for preventing myiasis in human and animal populations.
摘要：
背景：Myiasis是一种被忽视的疾病，以不明确的诊断和管理协议为特征。已发表的关于木虫病的流行病学和临床研究仍然很少，虽然有几个国家,比如阿曼,在过去的30年里报告了一些病例。这项研究探讨了南巴蒂纳省（SBG）的木虫病的流行病学特征和临床特征，阿曼。
方法：于2018年11月1日至2019年10月31日在SBG进行了一项前瞻性监测研究。使用预先设计的疑似和确诊病例报告表收集临床和流行病学数据。
结果：共报告188例，其中81.4%为男性。三分之一的病例是11-20岁，四分之一的人报告在房子里暴露。Nakhal和WadiMawel的暴露率为每10000人中有16人。约57%的患者报告多次再次暴露。近60%的患者发展为鼻腔或口腔肌病，25％的人在眼睛中出现了木虫病，4%的耳朵。最常见的呼吸道症状是咳嗽（83%），流鼻涕（48%），和异物感（35%）。超过50%的眼睛暴露患者有红肿，疼痛,和瘙痒。大多数患者（89.3％）在家中饲养动物。许多病例发生在2018年12月至2019年4月之间，近三分之一的暴露发生在下午5点。居住在Nakhal和WadiMawel的患者再次暴露的可能性很高;OR=2.49（95％CI1.14-5.45），11-20岁儿童的OR=3.59（95%CI1.37-9.39），≥31岁患者的OR=3.01(95%CI1.07-8.42)。
结论：在某些地区和年龄组中，菌病暴露率很高，这很可能与动物相关活动有关。该疾病对SBG患者的健康有重大影响。因此,有必要进行紧急主动监测和临床研究,以探索可能的预防措施和治疗方案.采用一种健康方法可以为预防人类和动物种群中的木虫病提供有效的策略。
方法：于2018年11月1日至2019年10月31日在SBG进行了一项前瞻性监测研究。使用预先设计的疑似和确诊病例报告表收集临床和流行病学数据。
结果：共报告188例，其中81.4%为男性。三分之一的病例是11-20岁，四分之一的人报告在房子里暴露。Nakhal和WadiMawel的暴露率为每10000人中有16人。约57%的患者报告多次再次暴露。近60%的患者发展为鼻腔或口腔肌病，25％的人在眼睛中出现了木虫病，4%的耳朵。最常见的呼吸道症状是咳嗽（83%），流鼻涕（48%），和异物感（35%）。超过50%的眼睛暴露患者有红肿，疼痛,和瘙痒。大多数患者（89.3％）在家中饲养动物。许多病例发生在2018年12月至2019年4月之间，近三分之一的暴露发生在下午5点。居住在Nakhal和WadiMawel的患者再次暴露的可能性很高;OR=2.49（95％CI1.14-5.45），11-20岁儿童的OR=3.59（95%CI1.37-9.39），≥31岁患者的OR=3.01(95%CI1.07-8.42)。
结论：在某些地区和年龄组中，菌病暴露率很高，这很可能与动物相关活动有关。该疾病对SBG患者的健康有重大影响。因此,有必要进行紧急主动监测和临床研究,以探索可能的预防措施和治疗方案.采用一种健康方法可以为预防人类和动物种群中的木虫病提供有效的策略。
