Abstract：
Lipids play an important role in varying vital cellular processes including cell growth and division. Elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and oxidized-LDL (ox-LDL), and overexpression of the corresponding receptors including LDL receptor (LDLR), lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), and cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), have shown strong correlations with different facets of carcinogenesis including proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, a high serum level of LOX-1 is considered as a poor prognostic factor in many types of cancer including colorectal cancer. Ox-LDL could contribute to cancer progression and metastasis through endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and autophagy. Thus, many studies have shed light on the significant role of ox-LDL as a potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy. In various repurposing approaches, anti-dyslipidemia agents, phytochemicals, autophagy modulators as well as recently developed ldl-like nanoparticles have been investigated as potential tumor therapeutic agents by targeting oxidized-LDL/LOX-1 pathways. Herein, we reviewed the role of oxidized-LDL and LOX-1 in cancer progression, invasion, metastasis, and also cancer-associated angiogenesis. Moreover, we addressed therapeutic utility of several compounds that proved to be capable of targeting the metabolic moieties in cancer. This review provides insights on the potential impact of targeting LDL and ox-LDL in cancer therapy and their future biomedical implementations.
摘要：
脂质在包括细胞生长和分裂的变化的重要细胞过程中起重要作用。低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和氧化LDL（ox-LDL）水平升高，和过表达相应的受体，包括LDL受体（LDLR），凝集素样氧化低密度脂蛋白受体-1（LOX-1），和分化簇36(CD36)，与包括增殖在内的癌变的不同方面表现出很强的相关性，入侵,和血管生成。此外，高血清LOX-1水平被认为是许多类型癌症(包括结直肠癌)的不良预后因素.Ox-LDL可能通过内皮-间质转化（EMT）和自噬促进癌症进展和转移。因此，许多研究揭示了ox-LDL作为癌症治疗潜在治疗靶点的重要作用.在各种重新利用的方法中，抗血脂异常药，植物化学物质,自噬调节剂以及最近开发的ldl样纳米颗粒已被研究为潜在的肿瘤治疗剂通过靶向氧化LDL/LOX-1途径。在这里，我们回顾了氧化LDL和LOX-1在癌症进展中的作用，入侵,转移,以及癌症相关的血管生成。此外，我们讨论了几种被证明能够靶向癌症代谢部分的化合物的治疗效用.这篇综述提供了针对LDL和ox-LDL在癌症治疗及其未来生物医学实施中的潜在影响的见解。
