Abstract：
Xerostomia is a common radiation-associated toxicity in patients with head and neck cancer. Although several studies examined the decrease in saliva production due to radiotherapy (RT) and investigated the factors associated with this side effect, little is known about the change in radiation-associated saliva composition. This systematic review is the first to summarize existing data and give an overview of the change in pH/buffer capacity, electrolytes, proteins, enzymes, and mucins due to radiation to the salivary glands. Literature search was performed in PubMed and Embase with 47 articles finally eligible for the review, analyzing the saliva composition at several time points before, during and/or after RT, or comparing findings in irradiated patients to a healthy control group. Overall, RT leads to a substantial decrease in salivary pH and buffer capacity. For sodium, chloride and calcium ion, as well as amylase, an increased concentration or activity during RT was reported in most of the studies, followed by a subsequent decrease either already during RT or after the end of treatment. Different trends have been described for the total protein concentration during and after RT. Lactoferrin, however, increased considerably, especially in the first phase of RT. Mucin 5B (MUC5B) concentrations showed a slight increase during RT and concentrations around baseline values again six months post-radiotherapy.
摘要：
口干症是头颈部癌症患者常见的辐射相关毒性。尽管一些研究检查了由于放疗（RT）导致的唾液产生减少，并调查了与这种副作用相关的因素，对辐射相关唾液成分的变化知之甚少。本系统综述首次总结现有数据，并对pH/缓冲容量的变化进行概述，电解质，蛋白质，酶，和对唾液腺的辐射导致的粘蛋白。在PubMed和Embase中进行了文献检索，最终有47篇文章符合审查条件。分析之前几个时间点的唾液成分，在RT期间和/或之后，或将受照射患者的发现与健康对照组进行比较。总的来说,RT导致唾液pH和缓冲能力大幅降低。对于钠，氯化物和钙离子，和淀粉酶，在大多数研究中报告了在RT期间浓度或活性增加，随后在RT期间或治疗结束后已经下降。已经描述了在RT期间和之后的总蛋白质浓度的不同趋势。乳铁蛋白,然而,大幅度增加,特别是在RT的第一阶段。粘蛋白5B(MUC5B)浓度在RT期间显示轻微增加,并且在放疗后6个月浓度再次显示在基线值附近。
