Abstract：
Carotid artery puncture is a common complication of internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization. However, there are few reports about an aneurysm from the carotid artery that can develop into an occult mediastinal hematoma, leading to airway compression. In this case study, we present the case of a 71-year-old male who experienced an aneurysm and delayed mediastinal hematoma, ultimately resulting in airway compression after right jugular line insertion. Our findings highlight the importance of not only addressing local hematoma formation at the puncture site promptly, but also recognizing the potential for aneurysm extension into the mediastinum and the formation of an occult hematoma, which can lead to airway compression. Additionally, we provide a summary of landmark technique precautions that can help reduce the occurrence of such severe complications.
摘要：
颈动脉穿刺是颈内静脉（IJV）插管的常见并发症。然而,很少有关于颈动脉动脉瘤可以发展成隐匿性纵隔血肿的报道，导致气道压缩。在这个案例研究中,我们介绍了一个71岁的男性，他经历了动脉瘤和迟发性纵隔血肿，最终导致右颈静脉插入后气道受压。我们的研究结果不仅强调了在穿刺部位迅速解决局部血肿形成的重要性，但也认识到动脉瘤延伸到纵隔和形成隐匿性血肿的可能性，会导致气道受压.此外,我们总结了有助于减少此类严重并发症发生的具有里程碑意义的技术预防措施.
