PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination remains a cornerstone in global efforts to combat tuberculosis (TB), a persistent public health threat worldwide. The purpose of this systematic review is to find out how well BCG revaccination protects against TB. This systematic review synthesized recent studies investigating the efficacy of BCG vaccination in preventing TB infection and disease. A total of 15 relevant publications were identified through a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies involving humans, written in English, and categorized as case-control, cohort, meta-analysis, or full-text. Studies were selected based on their relevance to BCG revaccination and protection against TB, and a standardized data extraction form was used to gather pertinent information from each study. Quality assessment was conducted using established tools to evaluate the rigor, study design, and risk of bias in each included study. The findings revealed significant insights into BCG\'s effectiveness across different populations and age groups. Several studies demonstrated a substantial reduction in latent TB infection (LTBI) and incidence rates of TB following BCG vaccination. However, the protective efficacy of BCG revaccination varied across studies and populations, with some indicating modest protection against TB disease development, particularly in high-risk populations like healthcare workers. Furthermore, investigations into the immunological mechanisms underlying BCG\'s protective efficacy provided valuable insights into cytokine/chemokine profiles and immunomodulatory properties.
摘要：
卡介苗（BCG）疫苗接种仍然是全球抗击结核病（TB）的基石。全球范围内持续存在的公共卫生威胁。本系统综述的目的是了解BCG再接种对结核病的保护程度。本系统综述综合了最近的研究，调查了卡介苗疫苗在预防结核病感染和疾病中的功效。通过对多个数据库进行全面检索,共发现15种相关出版物,包括Cochrane图书馆,PubMed,Medline,还有Scopus.纳入标准包括涉及人类的研究，用英语写的,并归类为病例控制，队列,荟萃分析，或全文。根据其与BCG再接种和预防结核病的相关性选择研究。并使用标准化的数据提取表从每个研究中收集相关信息。使用已建立的工具进行质量评估，以评估其严密性，研究设计，和每个纳入研究的偏倚风险。这些发现揭示了BCG在不同人群和年龄组的有效性的重要见解。几项研究表明，卡介苗接种后，潜伏性结核病感染（LTBI）和结核病发病率显着降低。然而,卡介苗再接种的保护功效因研究和人群而异，一些表明对结核病发展的适度保护，特别是在像医护人员这样的高风险人群中。此外，对卡介苗保护作用的免疫机制的研究为细胞因子/趋化因子谱和免疫调节特性提供了有价值的见解。
