Abstract：
To understand which are the best strategies for textile waste management and to analyse the effects on the environment of applying circular economy practices to textile products, a review of 45 publications where life cycle assessment (LCA) is applied to these topics has been carried out. The separate collection of textiles, followed by reuse and recycling brings relevant environmental benefits, with impacts related to reuse resulting lower than those of recycling. At the opposite, when mixed municipal solid waste is addressed to energy recovery, the textile fraction is the second most impacting on climate change, right after plastics, while for landfill disposal impacts textiles directly follow the more biodegradable fractions. Textiles manufacturing using recycled fibres generally gives lower impacts than using virgin ones, with a few exceptions in some impact categories for cotton and polyester. The circular practices with the lowest impacts are those that ensure the extension of the textiles service life. Another aim of this review is to identify the main variables affecting the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). These resulted to be the yield and material demand of recycling processes, the use phase variables, the assumptions on virgin production replaced by reuse or recycling, the substitution factor in reuse, and transportation data in business models based on sharing. Thus, in LCA modelling, great attention should be paid to these variables. Future research should address these aspects, to acquire more relevant data, based on industrial-scale processes and on people habits towards the circular economy strategies applied to textiles.
摘要：
了解哪些是纺织品废物管理的最佳策略，并分析将循环经济实践应用于纺织品对环境的影响，对45种出版物进行了审查，其中生命周期评估（LCA）适用于这些主题。单独收集纺织品，其次是再利用和回收带来相关的环境效益，与重复使用相关的影响低于回收。在对面,当混合城市固体废物用于能源回收时，纺织品部分是对气候变化影响第二大的部分，紧随塑料之后，而对于垃圾填埋场处置影响纺织品，则直接遵循更可生物降解的部分。使用再生纤维的纺织品制造通常比使用原生纤维的影响更低，棉和聚酯的一些冲击类别有一些例外。影响最小的循环做法是确保延长纺织品使用寿命的做法。本综述的另一个目的是确定影响生命周期影响评估（LCIA）的主要变量。这导致了回收过程的产量和材料需求，使用相位变量，对原始生产的假设被重复使用或回收利用所取代，重用中的替代因素，和基于共享的商业模式中的交通数据。因此，在LCA建模中，这些变量应该引起高度重视。未来的研究应该针对这些方面，为了获取更多相关数据，基于工业规模的流程和人们对应用于纺织品的循环经济战略的习惯。
