Abstract：
Videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), alongside flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, represents the gold standard for diagnosing swallowing disorders and to determine severity, pathophysiology, and effective interventions, including texture modification. The clinical swallowing examination and assessment supplements these instrumental methods and serves as the basis for the modules of swallowing diagnostics. The adaptation of food and drink consistencies in dysphagia management has become widespread. For valid results of a VFSS with respect to confirming swallowing safety and efficiency of different liquid and food consistencies and textures, the use of uniform recipes containing radio-opaque contrast media is important. Our goal was to identify recipes that would produce consistencies that conform to the liquid and food levels of 0-7, as defined by the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI), with barium- and iodine-based contrast media, xanthan gum-based thickeners, and other edible components, which also show sufficient contrast on VFSS. In this study, we determined the different recipes using IDDSI testing methods and explored their radiological characteristics using a Philips MultiDiagnost Eleva fluoroscopy system and two different fluid contrast agents: barium- (Micropaque®) and iodine-based (Telebrix®). All recipes showed sufficient contrast on fluoroscopy and could be visualized in the amounts used for swallowing examinations. They were practical and easy to implement in terms of production and availability of the components. The homogeneity of the recipes diminished with higher IDDSI levels, which represent transitional food, but appeared still sufficient for fluoroscopic examination. The opacity did not significantly differ between the barium- and iodine-based contrast media.
摘要：
视频透视吞咽研究（VFSS），除了吞咽的灵活内窥镜评估，代表诊断吞咽障碍和确定严重程度的黄金标准，病理生理学,和有效的干预措施，包括纹理修改。临床吞咽检查和评估补充了这些仪器方法，并作为吞咽诊断模块的基础。吞咽困难管理中食物和饮料一致性的适应已经变得普遍。对于确认不同液体和食物稠度和质地的吞咽安全性和效率的VFSS的有效结果，使用含有不透射线造影剂的统一配方很重要.我们的目标是确定配方，将产生符合液体和食物水平0-7，由国际吞咽困难饮食标准化倡议（IDDSI）定义的一致性，以钡和碘为基础的造影剂，黄原胶基增稠剂，和其他可食用成分，在VFSS上也显示出足够的对比度。在这项研究中,我们使用IDDSI测试方法确定了不同的配方,并使用PhilipsMultiDiagnostEleva荧光透视系统和两种不同的液体造影剂:barium-(Micropaque®)和碘-(Telebrix®)探讨了其放射学特征.所有配方在荧光镜检查中均显示出足够的对比度，并且可以以用于吞咽检查的量进行可视化。就组件的生产和可用性而言，它们是实用且易于实施的。配方的同质性随着IDDSI水平的提高而减弱，代表着过渡食物，但似乎仍然足以进行透视检查。基于钡和碘的造影剂之间的不透明度没有显着差异。
