PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Swine Influenza A Virus (IAV-S) imposes a significant impact on the pork industry and has been deemed a significant threat to global public health due to its zoonotic potential. The most effective method of preventing IAV-S is vaccination. While there are tremendous efforts to control and prevent IAV-S in vulnerable swine populations, there are considerable challenges in developing a broadly protective vaccine against IAV-S. These challenges include the consistent diversification of IAV-S, increasing the strength and breadth of adaptive immune responses elicited by vaccination, interfering maternal antibody responses, and the induction of vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease after vaccination. Current vaccination strategies are often not updated frequently enough to address the continuously evolving nature of IAV-S, fail to induce broadly cross-reactive responses, are susceptible to interference, may enhance respiratory disease, and can be expensive to produce. Here, we review the challenges and current status of universal IAV-S vaccine research. We also detail the current standard of licensed vaccines and their limitations in the field. Finally, we review recently described novel vaccines and vaccine platforms that may improve upon current methods of IAV-S control.
摘要：
猪甲型流感病毒（IAV-S）对猪肉行业产生了重大影响，并且由于其人畜共患潜力而被认为是对全球公共卫生的重大威胁。预防IAV-S的最有效方法是接种疫苗。虽然在脆弱的猪群体中控制和预防IAV-S有巨大的努力，在开发针对IAV-S的广泛保护性疫苗方面存在相当大的挑战。这些挑战包括IAV-S的持续多样化，增加疫苗接种引起的适应性免疫反应的强度和广度，干扰母体抗体反应，以及疫苗接种后诱导疫苗相关的增强呼吸道疾病。当前的疫苗接种策略通常更新不够频繁，无法解决IAV-S的不断发展的性质。无法诱导广泛的交叉反应反应，容易受到干扰，可能会加剧呼吸道疾病，而且生产成本很高。这里,我们回顾了通用IAV-S疫苗研究的挑战和现状。我们还详细介绍了许可疫苗的现行标准及其在该领域的局限性。最后,我们回顾了最近描述的新型疫苗和疫苗平台，这些疫苗和疫苗平台可能会改善目前的IAV-S控制方法。
