PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The dairy industry is reshaping itself and becoming commercialized in Pakistan due to the increased demand for milk to overcome the shortage. Exotic breeds such as Holstein Friesian, a high milk producing breed have started being reared more on farms in Pakistan. Along with other issues, mastitis does affects the milk production of this breed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the milk composition in terms of bacterial communities in Holstein Friesian reared in Punjab, Pakistan and alteration in microbial composition with healthy and mastitic udder. Milk samples (n = 36) from farms rearing Holstein Friesian were collected. Among these samples, 05 samples from each three groups, HHF(healthy), CHF (clinical mastitis) and SHF (subclinical mastitis), based on their udder health condition, were processed using the 16 S r=RNA gene based technique. Diversity assessment as carried out by alpha diversity indices showed that milk samples from the udder infected with clinical mastitis were the least diverse and those from the healthy udder were more diverse. Beta diversity across samples showed a scattered pattern suggesting overlap amongst bacterial communities across different groups samples as depicted by PCA plots of beta diversity indices. The taxonomic profile revealed that Proteobacteria Firmicutes, Bacteroidota and Actinobacteriota were the major phyla detected across all groups. Proteobacteria dominated the HHF and SHF group while abundance of Firmicutes was higher in CHF group. Differences at other levels including order, genus and species were also recorded. The overall picture concludes that diverse microbiota is associated with different udder health conditions.
摘要：
由于对牛奶的需求增加，以克服短缺，乳制品行业正在重塑自身并在巴基斯坦商业化。外来品种，如HolsteinFriesian，一个产奶量高的品种已经开始在巴基斯坦的农场饲养。连同其他问题,乳腺炎确实会影响该品种的产奶量。这项研究的目的是评估在旁遮普邦饲养的HolsteinFriesian的细菌群落中的牛奶成分，巴基斯坦和健康乳房的微生物组成的变化。收集了来自饲养HolsteinFriesian的农场的牛奶样品（n=36）。在这些样本中，三组各05个样本，HHF（健康），CHF（临床乳腺炎）和SHF（亚临床乳腺炎），根据他们的乳房健康状况，使用基于16Sr=RNA基因的技术进行处理。通过α多样性指数进行的多样性评估表明，感染临床乳腺炎的乳房的牛奶样品多样性最少，而健康乳房的牛奶样品多样性更高。样本之间的β多样性显示出分散的模式，表明不同组样本之间的细菌群落之间存在重叠，如β多样性指数的PCA图所示。分类学图谱显示，变形杆菌Firmicutes，拟杆菌和放线菌是在所有组中检测到的主要门。HHF和SHF组的变形菌占主导地位，而CHF组的Firmicutes丰度较高。其他层面的差异，包括订单，还记录了属和种。总体情况得出结论，不同的微生物群与不同的乳房健康状况有关。
