Abstract：
4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) and micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) are common in personal care and cosmetic products (PCCPs) and consumer goods; however, they have become pervasive environmental contaminants. MNPs serve as carriers of 4-MBC in both PCCPs and the environment. Our previous study demonstrated that 4-MBC induces estrogenic effects in zebrafish larvae. However, knowledge gaps remain regarding the sex- and tissue-specific accumulation and potential toxicities of chronic coexposure to 4-MBC and MNPs. Herein, adult zebrafish were exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of 4-MBC (0, 0.4832, and 4832 μg/L), with or without polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs; 50 nm, 1.0 mg/L) for 21 days. Sex-specific accumulation was observed, with higher concentrations in female brains, while males exhibited comparable accumulation in the liver, testes, and brain. Coexposure to PS-NPs intensified the 4-MBC burden in all tested tissues. Dual-omics analysis (transcriptomics and proteomics) revealed dysfunctions in neuronal differentiation, death, and reproduction. 4-MBC-co-PS-NP exposure disrupted the brain histopathology more severely than exposure to 4-MBC alone, inducing sex-specific neurotoxicity and reproductive disruptions. Female zebrafish exhibited autism spectrum disorder-like behavior and disruption of vitellogenesis and oocyte maturation, while male zebrafish showed Parkinson\'s-like behavior and spermatogenesis disruption. Our findings highlight that PS-NPs enhance tissue accumulation of 4-MBC, leading to sex-specific impairments in the nervous and reproductive systems of zebrafish.
摘要：
4-甲基亚苄基樟脑（4-MBC）和微米/纳米塑料（MNPs）在个人护理和化妆品（PCCP）和消费品中很常见；但是，它们已经成为无处不在的环境污染物。MNPs在PCCP和环境中充当4-MBC的载体。我们先前的研究表明，4-MBC在斑马鱼幼虫中诱导雌激素作用。然而,关于慢性共同暴露于4-MBC和MNPs的性别和组织特异性积累和潜在毒性的知识差距仍然存在。在这里，成年斑马鱼暴露于环境现实浓度的4-MBC（0,0.4832和4832μg/L），有或没有聚苯乙烯纳米塑料(PS-NP；50nm，1.0mg/L)持续21天。观察到性别特异性积累，在女性大脑中浓度更高，而男性在肝脏中表现出相当的积累，睾丸,和大脑。共同暴露于PS-NP会增强所有测试组织中的4-MBC负担。双组学分析（转录组学和蛋白质组学）揭示了神经元分化的功能障碍，死亡,和繁殖。4-MBC-co-PS-NP暴露比单独暴露于4-MBC更严重地破坏了脑组织病理学，诱导性别特异性神经毒性和生殖破坏。雌性斑马鱼表现出自闭症谱系障碍样行为和卵黄发生和卵母细胞成熟的破坏，而雄性斑马鱼表现出帕金森样行为和精子发生破坏。我们的发现强调PS-NP增强4-MBC的组织积累，导致斑马鱼神经系统和生殖系统的性别特异性损伤。
