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Abstract：
Contamination of food and water with radioactive substances is a serious health problem. There are several methods to detect and measure radioactive materials, some of which have been developed in recent years. This paper aims to discuss the methods of detecting and measuring radioactive substances in food and water. The principles and the advantages and disadvantages of each method have been discussed. The results showed that some of these methods, such as spectrometry γ-ray high-purity germanium, portable radon gas surveyor SILENA, RAD7, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, have a higher sensitivity for detection and measurement. The spectrometry γ-ray high-purity germanium method has attracted more attention than other methods because it can measure a wide range of radionuclides with high resolution.
摘要：
放射性物质污染食物和水是一个严重的健康问题。有几种检测和测量放射性物质的方法，其中一些是近年来开发的。本文旨在探讨食品和水中放射性物质的检测和测量方法。讨论了每种方法的原理和优缺点。结果表明，其中一些方法，如光谱法γ射线高纯度锗，便携式氡气体测量师SILENA,RAD7和电感耦合等离子体质谱法，具有更高的检测和测量灵敏度。能谱γ射线高纯锗法因其能够以高分辨率测量宽范围的放射性核素而比其他方法受到更多关注。
