Abstract：
Nucleic acids (NAs) are important components of living organisms responsible for the storage and transmission of hereditary information. They form complex structures that can self-assemble and bind to various biological molecules. DNAzymes are NAs capable of performing simple chemical reactions, which makes them potentially useful elements for creating DNA nanomachines with required functions. This review focuses on multicomponent DNA-based nanomachines, in particular on DNAzymes as their main functional elements, as well as on the structure of DNAzyme nanomachines and their application in the diagnostics and treatment of diseases. The article also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of DNAzyme-based nanomachines and prospects for their future applications. The review provides information about new technologies and the possibilities of using NAs in medicine.
摘要：
核酸（NAs）是负责遗传信息存储和传播的活生物体的重要组成部分。它们形成可以自组装并与各种生物分子结合的复杂结构。DNAzyme是能够进行简单化学反应的NAs，这使得它们成为创造具有所需功能的DNA纳米机器的潜在有用元素。这篇综述集中在基于多组分DNA的纳米机器上，特别是以DNA酶为主要功能元件，以及DNAzyme纳米机器的结构及其在疾病诊断和治疗中的应用。文章还讨论了基于DNAzyme的纳米机器的优缺点及其未来应用前景。该评论提供了有关新技术以及在医学中使用NA的可能性的信息。
