Abstract：
Immunosenescence is a phenomenon caused by changes in the immune system, and part of these changes involves an increase in circulating immunological biomarkers, a process known as \"Inflammaging.\" Inflammaging can be associated with many diseases related to older people. As the older population continues to grow, understanding changes in the immune system becomes essential. While prior studies assessing these alterations have been conducted in countries with Caucasian populations, this investigation marks a pioneering effort. The object of the study is to describe for the first time that the distribution of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors serum levels, assessed by Luminex platform, has been examined in a Brazilian population-based study of older adult females and males by age. Blood samples from 2111 participants (≥50 years old) were analyzed at the baseline (2015/2016) of the ELSI-Brazil study. The exploratory variables considered in the study were age, sex, educational level, residence area, geographic region, alcohol and smoking consumption, physical activity, and self-reported medical diagnoses of hypertension, diabetes, asthma, arthritis, and cancer. The association between serum biomarker levels and age was assessed by a quantile regression model adjusted in the total population and stratified by sex. The significance level considered in the analysis was 0.05. The mean age of the participants was 62.9 years, with a slight majority of female (52.7 %). Differences were found between the sexes in the median circulating levels of the CCL11, CXCL10, and FGF biomarkers. Eight biomarkers showed significant associations with age, including the pro-inflammatory CXCL10, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-2; and type 2/regulatory CCL11 and IL-4, showing positive associations, and anti-inflammatory IL-1Ra showing a negative association. The results suggest similar associations between the sexes, revealing an inflammatory profile characterized by types 1 and 2. Remarkably, these findings reinforce the concept of the Inflammaging process in Brazilian population. These findings add novel insights to about the immunosenescence aspects in middle-income countries and help define biomarkers capable of monitoring inflammation in older adults.
摘要：
免疫衰老是由免疫系统变化引起的一种现象，这些变化的一部分涉及循环免疫生物标志物的增加，一个被称为“通货膨胀”的过程。“炎症可能与许多与老年人有关的疾病有关。随着老年人口的持续增长，了解免疫系统的变化变得至关重要。虽然先前的研究评估这些改变是在高加索人口的国家进行的，这项调查标志着一项开创性的努力。本研究的目的是首次描述细胞因子的分布,趋化因子,和生长因子血清水平，通过Luminex平台评估，在一项基于巴西人口的老年成年女性和男性年龄研究中进行了研究。在ELSI-巴西研究的基线（2015/2016）分析了2111名参与者（≥50岁）的血液样本。研究中考虑的探索性变量是年龄，性别,教育水平,居住面积,地理区域,酒精和吸烟消费，身体活动,和自我报告的高血压医学诊断，糖尿病,哮喘,关节炎,和癌症。通过分位数回归模型评估血清生物标志物水平与年龄之间的关联，该模型在总人群中进行调整并按性别分层。分析中考虑的显著性水平为0.05。参与者的平均年龄为62.9岁，女性占多数（52.7%）。在CCL11，CXCL10和FGF生物标志物的中位循环水平中发现了性别之间的差异。八种生物标志物显示出与年龄显著相关，包括促炎CXCL10，TNF-α，IL-6，IL-17和IL-2;和2型/调节性CCL11和IL-4，显示正相关，和抗炎IL-1Ra显示负相关性。结果表明，两性之间的关联相似，揭示了以1型和2型为特征的炎症谱。值得注意的是,这些发现加强了巴西人口通货膨胀过程的概念。这些发现为中等收入国家的免疫衰老方面提供了新的见解，并有助于定义能够监测老年人炎症的生物标志物。
