Abstract：
Microbial polysaccharides (MPs) are biopolymers secreted by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi during their metabolic processes. Compared to polysaccharides derived from plants and animals, MPs have advantages such as wide sources, high production efficiency, and less susceptibility to natural environmental influences. The most attractive feature of MPs lies in their diverse biological activities, such as antioxidative, anti-tumor, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory activities, which have demonstrated immense potential for applications in functional foods, cosmetics, and biomedicine. These bioactivities are precisely regulated by their sophisticated molecular structure. However, the mechanisms underlying this precise regulation are not yet fully understood and continue to evolve. This article presents a comprehensive review of the most representative species of MPs, including their fermentation and purification processes and their biomedical applications in recent years. In particular, this work presents an in-depth analysis into the structure-activity relationships of MPs across multiple molecular levels. Additionally, this review discusses the challenges and prospects of investigating the structure-activity relationships, providing valuable insights into the broad and high-value utilization of MPs.
摘要：
微生物多糖(MPs)是微生物如细菌和真菌在其代谢过程中分泌的生物聚合物。与来自植物和动物的多糖相比，议员有优势，如来源广泛，生产效率高,对自然环境影响的敏感性较低。国会议员最吸引人的特征在于其多样化的生物活性,如抗氧化，抗肿瘤，抗菌，和免疫调节活动，它们在功能性食品中的巨大应用潜力，化妆品,和生物医学。这些生物活性由其复杂的分子结构精确调节。然而,这种精确监管背后的机制尚未完全理解并继续发展。本文对最具代表性的MPs物种进行了全面的综述，包括它们的发酵和纯化过程以及近年来的生物医学应用。特别是,这项工作提供了对MPs在多个分子水平上的结构-活性关系的深入分析。此外,这篇综述讨论了研究结构-活动关系的挑战和前景，为国会议员的广泛和高价值利用提供有价值的见解。
