PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The influence of iodine-rich foods on thyroid cancer (TC) risk remains inadequately understood. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively investigate the relationship between three iodine-rich food groups and TC prevalence using extensive data from a large Korean population. We assessed the dietary intake of 169,057 participants in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (2004-2013) using a food frequency questionnaire. The top-three iodine-rich food groups (including egg, seaweed, and dairy) were selected based on Korean dietary reference intakes and categorized by weekly consumption frequency. We conducted multiple logistic regression models to examine the relationship between food consumption and TC prevalence. After adjusting for confounding factors, higher seaweed consumption (>5 times/week) was significantly associated with lower TC prevalence (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.42, 0.32-0.56, p-value < 0.001). In contrast, compared with moderate dairy consumption (3-4 times/week), lower dairy product intake (<1 time/week) was associated with higher TC prevalence (OR, 95% CI = 1.32, 1.05-1.67, p-value = 0.017). Our findings suggest that sufficient seaweed consumption may offer protection against TC, and incorporating dairy products into the diet may lower TC incidence in the Korean population. The most significant limitations of our study are the absence of 24 h urine samples for iodine status assessment and the lack of clinical data on the diagnosis of thyroid cancer.
摘要：
富含碘的食物对甲状腺癌（TC）风险的影响仍未得到充分理解。因此,我们的目的是利用大量韩国人口的大量数据,全面调查三种富含碘的食物组与TC患病率之间的关系.我们使用食物频率问卷评估了韩国基因组和流行病学研究（2004-2013）的169,057名参与者的饮食摄入量。前三个富含碘的食物类别(包括鸡蛋，海藻,和乳制品）是根据韩国饮食参考摄入量选择的，并按每周消费频率进行分类。我们进行了多元逻辑回归模型来检验食物消耗与TC患病率之间的关系。在调整混杂因素后，较高的海藻消费量(>5次/周)与较低的TC患病率显著相关(比值比[OR]，95%置信区间[CI]=0.42,0.32-0.56,p值<0.001)。相比之下,与适度乳制品消费(3-4次/周)相比，较低的乳制品摄入量(<1次/周)与较高的TC患病率(OR，95%CI=1.32，1.05-1.67，p值=0.017）。我们的研究结果表明，足够的海藻消费可以提供对TC的保护，将乳制品纳入饮食中可能会降低韩国人群的TC发病率。我们研究的最大局限性是缺乏用于碘状态评估的24小时尿液样本以及缺乏诊断甲状腺癌的临床数据。
