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Abstract：
Tumor vaccines have been considered a promising therapeutic approach for treating cancer in recent years. With the development of sequencing technologies, tumor vaccines based on neoantigens or genomes specifically expressed in tumor cells, mainly in the form of peptides, nucleic acids, and dendritic cells, are beginning to receive widespread attention. Therefore, in this review, we have introduced different forms of neoantigen vaccines and discussed the development of these vaccines in treating cancer. Furthermore, neoantigen vaccines are influenced by factors such as antigen stability, weak immunogenicity, and biosafety in addition to sequencing technology. Hence, the biological nanomaterials, polymeric nanomaterials, inorganic nanomaterials, etc., used as vaccine carriers are principally summarized here, which may contribute to the design of neoantigen vaccines for improved stability and better efficacy.
摘要：
近年来,肿瘤疫苗被认为是治疗癌症的有希望的治疗方法。随着测序技术的发展,基于肿瘤细胞中特异性表达的新抗原或基因组的肿瘤疫苗，主要是肽的形式，核酸,和树突状细胞，开始受到广泛关注。因此,在这次审查中,我们介绍了不同形式的新抗原疫苗，并讨论了这些疫苗在治疗癌症方面的发展。此外，新抗原疫苗受抗原稳定性等因素的影响，弱免疫原性，和生物安全除了测序技术。因此，生物纳米材料，聚合物纳米材料，无机纳米材料,等。,用作疫苗载体的主要概述，这可能有助于新抗原疫苗的设计，以提高稳定性和更好的功效。
