Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Cholesterol plays a vital role in fetal growth and development during pregnancy. There remains controversy over whether pregnant females should limit their cholesterol intake.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between maternal dietary cholesterol intake during pregnancy and infant birth weight in a Chinese prospective cohort study.
METHODS: A total of 4146 mother-child pairs were included based on the Jiangsu Birth Cohort study. Maternal dietary information was assessed with a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Birth weight z-scores and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants were converted by the INTERGROWTH-21st neonatal weight-for-gestational-age standard. Poisson regression and generalized estimating equations were employed to examine the relationships between LGA and maternal dietary cholesterol across the entire pregnancy and trimester-specific cholesterol intake, respectively.
RESULTS: The median intake of maternal total dietary cholesterol during the entire pregnancy was 671.06 mg/d, with eggs being the main source. Maternal total dietary cholesterol and egg-sourced cholesterol were associated with an increase in birth weight z-score, with per standard deviation increase in maternal total and egg-sourced dietary cholesterol being associated with an increase of 0.16 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.07, 0.25] and 0.06 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.09) in birth weight z-score, respectively. Egg-derived cholesterol intake in the first and third trimesters was positively linked to LGA, with an adjusted relative risk of 1.11 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.18) and 1.09 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.18). Compared with mothers consuming ≤7 eggs/wk in the third trimester, the adjusted relative risk for having an LGA newborn was 1.37 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.72) for consuming 8-10 eggs/wk and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.86) for consuming >10 eggs/wk (P-trend = 0.015).
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal total dietary cholesterol intake, as well as consuming over 7 eggs/wk during pregnancy, displayed significant positive relationships with the incidence of LGA, suggesting that mothers should avoid excessive cholesterol intake during pregnancy to prevent adverse birth outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between maternal dietary cholesterol intake during pregnancy and infant birth weight in a Chinese prospective cohort study.
METHODS: A total of 4146 mother-child pairs were included based on the Jiangsu Birth Cohort study. Maternal dietary information was assessed with a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Birth weight z-scores and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants were converted by the INTERGROWTH-21st neonatal weight-for-gestational-age standard. Poisson regression and generalized estimating equations were employed to examine the relationships between LGA and maternal dietary cholesterol across the entire pregnancy and trimester-specific cholesterol intake, respectively.
RESULTS: The median intake of maternal total dietary cholesterol during the entire pregnancy was 671.06 mg/d, with eggs being the main source. Maternal total dietary cholesterol and egg-sourced cholesterol were associated with an increase in birth weight z-score, with per standard deviation increase in maternal total and egg-sourced dietary cholesterol being associated with an increase of 0.16 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.07, 0.25] and 0.06 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.09) in birth weight z-score, respectively. Egg-derived cholesterol intake in the first and third trimesters was positively linked to LGA, with an adjusted relative risk of 1.11 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.18) and 1.09 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.18). Compared with mothers consuming ≤7 eggs/wk in the third trimester, the adjusted relative risk for having an LGA newborn was 1.37 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.72) for consuming 8-10 eggs/wk and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.86) for consuming >10 eggs/wk (P-trend = 0.015).
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal total dietary cholesterol intake, as well as consuming over 7 eggs/wk during pregnancy, displayed significant positive relationships with the incidence of LGA, suggesting that mothers should avoid excessive cholesterol intake during pregnancy to prevent adverse birth outcomes.
摘要：
背景：胆固醇在怀孕期间胎儿的生长发育中起着至关重要的作用。关于孕妇是否应该限制胆固醇摄入量仍然存在争议。
目的：在一项中国前瞻性队列研究中，探讨孕妇膳食胆固醇摄入量与婴儿出生体重之间的关系。
方法：根据江苏出生队列（JBC）研究，共纳入4,146对母子。使用半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估产妇的饮食信息。出生体重z评分和大胎龄（LGA）婴儿由INTERGROWTH-21新生儿体重胎龄标准转换。使用泊松回归和广义估计方程（GEE）来检查LGA与整个怀孕期间的母体饮食胆固醇和妊娠特定胆固醇摄入量之间的关系。分别。
结果：整个怀孕期间母体总膳食胆固醇的中位摄入量为671.06mg/d，鸡蛋是主要来源。母体总膳食胆固醇和蛋源胆固醇与出生体重z评分的增加有关，母体总胆固醇和蛋源膳食胆固醇的每SD增加与出生体重z评分增加0.16（95％CI：0.07，0.25）和0.06（95％CI：0.03，0.09）相关，分别。孕早期和孕晚期的蛋源性胆固醇摄入量与LGA呈正相关，调整后的相对风险（aRR）为1.11（95%CI：1.04，1.18）和1.09（95%CI：1.00，1.18）。与妊娠晚期每周食用≤7个鸡蛋的母亲相比，有LGA新生儿的RR为1.37（95％CI：1.09，1.72）消耗8-10个鸡蛋/周和1.45（95％CI：1.12，1.86）消耗>10个鸡蛋/周（趋势p=0.015）。
结论：母亲总膳食胆固醇摄入量，以及在怀孕期间每周食用超过7个鸡蛋与LGA的发生率显着正相关，建议母亲在怀孕期间应避免摄入过多的胆固醇，以防止不良的分娩结局。
目的：在一项中国前瞻性队列研究中，探讨孕妇膳食胆固醇摄入量与婴儿出生体重之间的关系。
方法：根据江苏出生队列（JBC）研究，共纳入4,146对母子。使用半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估产妇的饮食信息。出生体重z评分和大胎龄（LGA）婴儿由INTERGROWTH-21新生儿体重胎龄标准转换。使用泊松回归和广义估计方程（GEE）来检查LGA与整个怀孕期间的母体饮食胆固醇和妊娠特定胆固醇摄入量之间的关系。分别。
结果：整个怀孕期间母体总膳食胆固醇的中位摄入量为671.06mg/d，鸡蛋是主要来源。母体总膳食胆固醇和蛋源胆固醇与出生体重z评分的增加有关，母体总胆固醇和蛋源膳食胆固醇的每SD增加与出生体重z评分增加0.16（95％CI：0.07，0.25）和0.06（95％CI：0.03，0.09）相关，分别。孕早期和孕晚期的蛋源性胆固醇摄入量与LGA呈正相关，调整后的相对风险（aRR）为1.11（95%CI：1.04，1.18）和1.09（95%CI：1.00，1.18）。与妊娠晚期每周食用≤7个鸡蛋的母亲相比，有LGA新生儿的RR为1.37（95％CI：1.09，1.72）消耗8-10个鸡蛋/周和1.45（95％CI：1.12，1.86）消耗>10个鸡蛋/周（趋势p=0.015）。
结论：母亲总膳食胆固醇摄入量，以及在怀孕期间每周食用超过7个鸡蛋与LGA的发生率显着正相关，建议母亲在怀孕期间应避免摄入过多的胆固醇，以防止不良的分娩结局。
