Abstract：
While largely neglected over decades during which adaptive immunity captured most of the attention, innate immune mechanisms have now become central to our understanding of immunology. Innate immunity provides the first barrier to infection in vertebrates, and it is the sole mechanism of host defense in invertebrates and plants. Innate immunity also plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis, shaping the microbiota, and in disease contexts such as cancer, neurodegeneration, metabolic syndromes, and aging. The emergence of the field of innate immunity has led to an expanded view of the immune system, which is no longer restricted to vertebrates and instead concerns all metazoans, plants, and even prokaryotes. The study of innate immunity has given rise to new concepts and language. Here, we review the history and definition of the core concepts of innate immunity, discussing their value and fruitfulness in the long run.
摘要：
虽然在过去的几十年中，适应性免疫吸引了大部分注意力，但在很大程度上被忽视了，先天免疫机制现在已经成为我们对免疫学的理解的核心。先天免疫是脊椎动物感染的第一道屏障，它是无脊椎动物和植物宿主防御的唯一机制。先天免疫在维持体内平衡方面也起着关键作用，塑造微生物群，在癌症等疾病环境中，神经变性,代谢综合征，和衰老。先天免疫领域的出现导致了免疫系统的扩展，不再局限于脊椎动物，而是涉及所有后生动物，植物,甚至是原核生物.先天免疫的研究产生了新的概念和语言。这里,我们回顾了先天免疫的核心概念的历史和定义，从长远来看，讨论它们的价值和成果。
