PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Practicing hand hygiene is recommended as one of the key preventive measures for reducing the transmission of COVID-19 and other infectious agents. However, it is often not practiced frequently enough or correctly by the public. We aimed to identify barriers to and facilitators of hand hygiene in the Zimbabwean population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted with a purposive sample of health workers, village health workers, church leaders, traditional healers, teachers, youth leaders and the general population selected from ten districts across the country from September to October 2022. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 3 key informant interviews per site. In addition, one homogenous focus group discussion was also conducted per site using a focus group discussion guide. The data were recorded on audiotapes, transcribed verbatim, and translated into English. All the analyses were performed manually using thematic analysis.
RESULTS: Two themes were identified as facilitators of hand hygiene. These include individual factors (knowledge of hand hygiene practices and how they are performed) and access-related factors (access to hand washing infrastructure, soap, and sanitizers). Among the barriers to hand hygiene, four themes were identified: individual factors (knowledge gaps in proper hand washing, lack of conviction about hand hygiene, and habitual behaviour), access-related factors (lack of access to hand washing infrastructure, soap, and sanitizers), safety concerns (concern about the side effects of sanitizers), and sociocultural and religious factors (social customs, cultural beliefs, values, and religious practices).
CONCLUSIONS: During public health emergencies, there is a need for people to access uninterrupted, on-premises water supplies to promote compliance with hand hygiene. The provision of clean water and hand washing facilities is critical for vulnerable communities to afford them the opportunity to improve quality of life and facilitate resilience in the event of future pandemics. Community engagement is important for identifying vulnerability factors to provide appropriate mitigatory measures.
METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted with a purposive sample of health workers, village health workers, church leaders, traditional healers, teachers, youth leaders and the general population selected from ten districts across the country from September to October 2022. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 3 key informant interviews per site. In addition, one homogenous focus group discussion was also conducted per site using a focus group discussion guide. The data were recorded on audiotapes, transcribed verbatim, and translated into English. All the analyses were performed manually using thematic analysis.
RESULTS: Two themes were identified as facilitators of hand hygiene. These include individual factors (knowledge of hand hygiene practices and how they are performed) and access-related factors (access to hand washing infrastructure, soap, and sanitizers). Among the barriers to hand hygiene, four themes were identified: individual factors (knowledge gaps in proper hand washing, lack of conviction about hand hygiene, and habitual behaviour), access-related factors (lack of access to hand washing infrastructure, soap, and sanitizers), safety concerns (concern about the side effects of sanitizers), and sociocultural and religious factors (social customs, cultural beliefs, values, and religious practices).
CONCLUSIONS: During public health emergencies, there is a need for people to access uninterrupted, on-premises water supplies to promote compliance with hand hygiene. The provision of clean water and hand washing facilities is critical for vulnerable communities to afford them the opportunity to improve quality of life and facilitate resilience in the event of future pandemics. Community engagement is important for identifying vulnerability factors to provide appropriate mitigatory measures.
摘要：
背景：建议将手部卫生作为减少COVID-19和其他传染性病原体传播的关键预防措施之一。然而,公众往往不够频繁或不够正确地练习。我们的目的是确定COVID-19大流行期间津巴布韦人口手部卫生的障碍和促进因素。
方法：对有目的的卫生工作者进行了定性研究，村卫生工作者,教会领袖,传统治疗师，教师,2022年9月至10月，从全国十个地区选出的青年领袖和普通民众。进行了半结构化访谈，每个站点进行了3次关键线人访谈。此外,每个站点还使用焦点小组讨论指南进行了一次同质的焦点小组讨论。数据记录在录音带上,逐字转录，翻译成英文.所有分析均使用主题分析手动进行。
结果：两个主题被确定为手部卫生的促进者。这些因素包括个人因素（手卫生习惯的知识及其执行方式）和与获取相关的因素（获得洗手基础设施，肥皂,和消毒剂)。在手部卫生的障碍中，确定了四个主题：个人因素(正确洗手的知识差距，缺乏关于手部卫生的信念，和习惯性行为)，获取相关因素(缺乏洗手基础设施，肥皂,和消毒剂)，安全问题（对消毒剂副作用的关注），以及社会文化和宗教因素(社会习俗，文化信仰,值,和宗教习俗)。
结论：在突发公共卫生事件期间，人们需要不间断地访问，现场供水，以促进遵守手部卫生。提供清洁水和洗手设施对于脆弱社区来说至关重要，使他们有机会改善生活质量，并在未来大流行的情况下提高抵御能力。社区参与对于确定脆弱性因素以提供适当的缓解措施很重要。
方法：对有目的的卫生工作者进行了定性研究，村卫生工作者,教会领袖,传统治疗师，教师,2022年9月至10月，从全国十个地区选出的青年领袖和普通民众。进行了半结构化访谈，每个站点进行了3次关键线人访谈。此外,每个站点还使用焦点小组讨论指南进行了一次同质的焦点小组讨论。数据记录在录音带上,逐字转录，翻译成英文.所有分析均使用主题分析手动进行。
结果：两个主题被确定为手部卫生的促进者。这些因素包括个人因素（手卫生习惯的知识及其执行方式）和与获取相关的因素（获得洗手基础设施，肥皂,和消毒剂)。在手部卫生的障碍中，确定了四个主题：个人因素(正确洗手的知识差距，缺乏关于手部卫生的信念，和习惯性行为)，获取相关因素(缺乏洗手基础设施，肥皂,和消毒剂)，安全问题（对消毒剂副作用的关注），以及社会文化和宗教因素(社会习俗，文化信仰,值,和宗教习俗)。
结论：在突发公共卫生事件期间，人们需要不间断地访问，现场供水，以促进遵守手部卫生。提供清洁水和洗手设施对于脆弱社区来说至关重要，使他们有机会改善生活质量，并在未来大流行的情况下提高抵御能力。社区参与对于确定脆弱性因素以提供适当的缓解措施很重要。
