PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In recent years, African countries have been faced with a rapid increase in morbidity and mortality due to this pathology. Management is often complicated by the high treatment costs, side effects and the increasing occurrence of resistance to treatments. The identification of new active ingredients extracted from endemic medicinal plants is definitively an interesting approach for the implementation of new therapeutic strategies: their extraction is often lower cost; their identification is based on an ethnobotanical history and a tradipratic approach; their use by low-income populations is simpler; this can help in the development of new synthetic molecules that are more active, more effective and with fewer side effects. The objective of this review is to document the molecules derived from African medicinal plants whose in vitro anti-cancer activities and the mechanisms of molecular actions have been identified. From the scientific databases Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar, we searched for publications on compounds isolated from African medicinal plants and having activity on cancer cells in culture. The data were analyzed in particular with regard to the cytotoxicity of the compounds and their mode of action. A total of 90 compounds of these African medicinal plants were selected. They come from nine chemical groups: alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, quinones, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, xanthones and organic sulfides. These compounds have been associated with several cellular effects: i) Cytotoxicity, including caspase activation, alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential, and/or induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS); ii) Anti-angiogenesis; iii) Anti-metastatic properties. This review points out that the cited African plants are rich in active ingredients with anticancer properties. It also stresses that screening of these anti-tumor active ingredients should be continued at the continental scale. Altogether, this work provides a rational basis for the selection of phytochemical compounds for use in clinical trials.
摘要：
癌症是全世界死亡的主要原因之一。近年来,由于这种病理，非洲国家的发病率和死亡率迅速增加。高昂的治疗费用往往使管理复杂化，副作用和对治疗耐药性的增加。从特有药用植物中提取的新活性成分的鉴定无疑是实施新治疗策略的一种有趣方法：它们的提取通常成本较低；它们的鉴定基于民族植物学历史和传统方法；低收入人群使用它们更简单；这可以帮助开发新的活性更高的合成分子，更有效，副作用更少。这篇综述的目的是记录来自非洲药用植物的分子，这些分子的体外抗癌活性和分子作用机制已得到鉴定。从科学数据库科学直接，PubMed和谷歌学者，我们搜索了有关从非洲药用植物中分离并对培养物中的癌细胞具有活性的化合物的出版物。特别是在化合物的细胞毒性和它们的作用方式方面分析数据。共挑选了这些非洲药用植物的90种化合物。它们来自九个化学组：生物碱，黄酮类化合物，多酚，醌,皂苷,类固醇,萜类化合物,黄吨酮和有机硫化物。这些化合物与几种细胞作用有关：i）细胞毒性，包括caspase激活,线粒体膜电位的改变，和/或诱导活性氧(ROS);ii)抗血管生成;iii)抗转移特性。这篇评论指出，所引用的非洲植物富含具有抗癌特性的活性成分。它还强调，这些抗肿瘤活性成分的筛选应在大陆范围内继续进行。总之,这项工作为选择用于临床试验的植物化学化合物提供了合理的依据。
