Abstract：
Elevated levels of cadmium (Cd) have the ability to impede plant development. Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) have been demonstrated in a number of plant species to improve tolerance to a variety of abiotic stresses by scavenging cytotoxic aldehydes; however, only a few AKRs have been identified to improve Cd tolerance. The OsAKR1 gene was extracted and identified from rice here. After being exposed to Cd, the expression of OsAKR1 dramatically rose in both roots and shoots, although more pronounced in roots. According to a subcellular localization experiment, the nucleus and cytoplasm are where OsAKR1 is primarily found. Mutants lacking OsAKR1 exhibited Cd sensitive phenotype than that of the wild-type (WT) Nipponbare (Nip), and osakr1 mutants exhibited reduced capacity to scavenge methylglyoxal (MG). Furthermore, osakr1 mutants exhibited considerably greater hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and increased catalase (CAT) activity in comparison to Nip. The expression of three isomeric forms of CAT was found to be considerably elevated in osakr1 mutants during Cd stress, as demonstrated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis, when compared to Nip. These results imply that OsAKR1 controlled rice\'s ability to withstand Cd by scavenging harmful aldehydes and turning on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanism.
摘要：
镉（Cd）水平升高具有阻碍植物发育的能力。已经在许多植物物种中证明了Aldo-keto还原酶（AKRs）通过清除细胞毒性醛来提高对各种非生物胁迫的耐受性；然而，只有少数AKRs被鉴定为提高Cd耐受性。从水稻中提取并鉴定了OsAKR1基因。暴露于Cd之后,OsAKR1在根和芽中的表达急剧上升，虽然在根中更明显。根据亚细胞定位实验,细胞核和细胞质是OsAKR1主要存在的地方。缺乏OsAKR1的突变体比野生型（WT）Nipponbare（Nip）的突变体表现出Cd敏感表型，osakr1突变体清除甲基乙二醛（MG）的能力降低。此外，osakr1突变体表现出更高的过氧化氢（H2O2）和丙二醛（MDA）水平，与Nip相比，过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性增加。在Cd胁迫期间，发现三种同分异构形式的CAT在osakr1突变体中的表达显着升高，如定量实时PCR分析所示，与Nip相比。这些结果表明，OsAKR1通过清除有害醛和打开活性氧（ROS）清除机制来控制水稻抵抗Cd的能力。
