Abstract：
The Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a group of increasingly multi-drug resistant opportunistic bacteria. This resistance is driven through a combination of intrinsic factors and the carriage of a broad range of conjugative plasmids harbouring virulence determinants. Therefore, novel treatments are required to treat and prevent further spread of these virulence determinants. In the search for phages infective for clinical Bcc isolates, CSP1 phage, a PRD1-like phage was isolated. CSP1 phage was found to require pilus machinery commonly encoded on conjugative plasmids to facilitate infection of Gram-negative bacteria genera including Escherichia and Pseudomonas. Whole genome sequencing and characterisation of one of the clinical Burkholderia isolates revealed it to be Burkholderia contaminans. B. contaminans 5080 was found to contain a genome of over 8 Mbp encoding multiple intrinsic resistance factors, such as efflux pump systems, but more interestingly, carried three novel plasmids encoding multiple putative virulence factors for increased host fitness, including antimicrobial resistance. Even though PRD1-like phages are broad host range, their use in novel antimicrobial treatments shouldn\'t be dismissed, as the dissemination potential of conjugative plasmids is extensive. Continued survey of clinical bacterial strains is also key to understanding the spread of antimicrobial resistance determinants and plasmid evolution.
摘要：
洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌（Bcc）是一组越来越多药耐药的机会细菌。这种抗性是通过内在因素和携带多种具有毒力决定簇的共轭质粒的组合来驱动的。因此,需要新的治疗方法来治疗和防止这些毒力决定因子的进一步传播。在寻找感染临床Bcc分离株的噬菌体时，CSP1噬菌体,分离出PRD1样噬菌体。发现CSP1噬菌体需要通常在接合质粒上编码的菌毛机制，以促进包括埃希氏菌和假单胞菌在内的革兰氏阴性细菌属的感染。一种临床伯克霍尔德氏菌分离株的全基因组测序和表征表明它是伯克霍尔德氏菌污染物。B.5080被发现含有超过8Mbp的基因组，编码多种内在抗性因子，如外排泵系统，但更有趣的是，携带了三个新的质粒，编码多个推定的毒力因子，以增加宿主适应性，包括抗菌素耐药性。尽管类PRD1噬菌体是广泛的宿主，它们在新型抗菌治疗中的使用不应该被驳回，因为共轭质粒的传播潜力是广泛的。对临床细菌菌株的持续调查也是了解抗微生物耐药性决定子的传播和质粒进化的关键。
