Abstract：
Carrageenan, the major carbohydrate component of some red algae, is an important renewable bioresource with very large annual outputs. Different types of carrageenolytic enzymes in the carrageenan metabolic pathway are potentially valuable for the production of carrageenan oligosaccharides, biofuel, and other chemicals obtained from carrageenan. However, these enzymes are not well-developed for oligosaccharide or biofuel production. For further application, comprehensive knowledge of carrageenolytic enzymes is essential. Therefore, in this review, we first summarize various carrageenolytic enzymes, including the recently discovered β-carrageenase, carrageenan-specific sulfatase, exo-α-3,6-anhydro-D-galactosidase (D-ADAGase), and exo-β-galactosidase (BGase), and describe their enzymatic characteristics. Subsequently, the carrageenan metabolic pathways are systematically presented and applications of carrageenases and carrageenan oligosaccharides are illustrated with examples. Finally, this paper discusses critical aspects that can aid researchers in constructing cascade catalytic systems and engineered microorganisms to efficiently produce carrageenan oligosaccharides or other value-added chemicals through the degradation of carrageenan. Overall, this paper offers a comprehensive overview of carrageenolytic enzymes, providing valuable insights for further exploration and application of these enzymes.
摘要：
角叉菜胶,一些红藻的主要碳水化合物成分，是一种重要的可再生生物资源，年产量非常大。角叉菜胶代谢途径中不同类型的角叉菜胶分解酶对角叉菜胶寡糖的生产具有潜在的价值,生物燃料,和其他从角叉菜胶中获得的化学物质。然而,这些酶对于寡糖或生物燃料的生产并不完善。为进一步应用，全面的角叉菜胶分解酶知识是必不可少的。因此,在这次审查中,我们首先总结各种角叉菜胶分解酶，包括最近发现的β-角叉菜酶,角叉菜胶特异性硫酸酯酶，外-α-3,6-脱水-D-半乳糖苷酶（D-ADAGase），和外型β-半乳糖苷酶（BGase），并描述它们的酶学特性。随后，系统地介绍了角叉菜胶的代谢途径，并举例说明了角叉菜胶酶和角叉菜胶寡糖的应用。最后,本文讨论了可以帮助研究人员构建级联催化系统和工程微生物的关键方面，以通过卡拉胶的降解有效地生产卡拉胶寡糖或其他增值化学品。总的来说,本文提供了卡拉胶分解酶的全面概述，为这些酶的进一步探索和应用提供有价值的见解。
