Abstract：
BACKGROUND: High-fidelity visualization of anatomical organs is crucial for neurosurgical education, simulation, and planning. This becomes much more important for minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures. Realistic anatomical visualization can allow resident surgeons to learn visual cues and orient themselves with the complex 3-dimensional (3D) anatomy. Achieving full fidelity in 3D medical visualization is an active area of research; however, the prior reviews focus on the application area and lack the underlying technical principles. Accordingly, the present study attempts to bridge this gap by providing a narrative review of the techniques used for 3D visualization.
METHODS: We conducted a literature review on 3D medical visualization technology from 2018 to 2023 using the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. The cross-referenced manuscripts were extensively studied to find literature that discusses technology relevant to 3D medical visualization. We also compiled and ran software applications that were accessible to us in order to better understand them.
RESULTS: We present the underlying fundamental technology used in 3D medical visualization in the context of neurosurgical education, simulation, and planning. Further, we discuss and categorize a few important applications based on the 3D visualization techniques they use.
CONCLUSIONS: The visualization of virtual human organs has not yet achieved a level of realism close to reality. This gap is largely due to the interdisciplinary nature of this research, population diversity, and validation complexities. With the advancements in computational resources and automation of 3D visualization pipelines, next-gen applications may offer enhanced medical 3D visualization fidelity.
METHODS: We conducted a literature review on 3D medical visualization technology from 2018 to 2023 using the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. The cross-referenced manuscripts were extensively studied to find literature that discusses technology relevant to 3D medical visualization. We also compiled and ran software applications that were accessible to us in order to better understand them.
RESULTS: We present the underlying fundamental technology used in 3D medical visualization in the context of neurosurgical education, simulation, and planning. Further, we discuss and categorize a few important applications based on the 3D visualization techniques they use.
CONCLUSIONS: The visualization of virtual human organs has not yet achieved a level of realism close to reality. This gap is largely due to the interdisciplinary nature of this research, population diversity, and validation complexities. With the advancements in computational resources and automation of 3D visualization pipelines, next-gen applications may offer enhanced medical 3D visualization fidelity.
摘要：
背景：解剖器官的高保真可视化对于神经外科教育至关重要，模拟,和规划。这对于微创神经外科手术变得更加重要。逼真的解剖可视化可以允许住院医师学习视觉线索并通过复杂的3D解剖来定位自己。在3D医学可视化中实现完全保真度是一个活跃的研究领域，然而,以前的审查侧重于应用领域，缺乏基本的技术原则。因此，本研究试图通过对用于3D可视化的技术进行叙述性回顾来弥合这一差距。
方法：我们使用PubMed和GoogleScholar搜索引擎在2018年至2023年对3D医学可视化技术进行了文献综述。对交叉引用的手稿进行了广泛的研究，以找到讨论与3D医学可视化相关的技术的文献。我们还编译并运行了我们可以访问的软件应用程序，以便更好地理解它们。
结果：我们介绍了在神经外科教育背景下3D医学可视化中使用的基础技术，模拟,和规划。Further,我们根据他们使用的3D可视化技术来讨论和分类一些重要的应用程序。
结论：虚拟人器官的可视化尚未达到接近现实的现实主义水平。这种差距主要是由于这项研究的跨学科性质，种群多样性,和验证复杂性。随着3D可视化管道的计算资源和自动化的进步，下一代应用程序可以提供增强的医学3D可视化保真度。
方法：我们使用PubMed和GoogleScholar搜索引擎在2018年至2023年对3D医学可视化技术进行了文献综述。对交叉引用的手稿进行了广泛的研究，以找到讨论与3D医学可视化相关的技术的文献。我们还编译并运行了我们可以访问的软件应用程序，以便更好地理解它们。
结果：我们介绍了在神经外科教育背景下3D医学可视化中使用的基础技术，模拟,和规划。Further,我们根据他们使用的3D可视化技术来讨论和分类一些重要的应用程序。
结论：虚拟人器官的可视化尚未达到接近现实的现实主义水平。这种差距主要是由于这项研究的跨学科性质，种群多样性,和验证复杂性。随着3D可视化管道的计算资源和自动化的进步，下一代应用程序可以提供增强的医学3D可视化保真度。
