Abstract：
Plantar pressure measurement systems are routinely used in sports and health applications to assess locomotion. The purpose of this review is to describe and critically discuss: (a) applications of the pressure measurement systems in sport and healthcare, (b) testing protocols and considerations for clinical gait analysis, (c) clinical recommendations for interpreting plantar pressure data, (d) calibration procedures and their accuracy, and (e) the future of pressure sensor data analysis. Rigid pressure platforms are typically used to measure plantar pressures for the assessment of foot function during standing and walking, particularly when barefoot, and are the most accurate for measuring plantar pressures. For reliable data, two step protocol prior to contacting the pressure plate is recommended. In-shoe systems are most suitable for measuring plantar pressures in the field during daily living or dynamic sporting movements as they are often wireless and can measure multiple steps. They are the most suitable equipment to assess the effects of footwear and orthotics on plantar pressures. However, they typically have lower spatial resolution and sampling frequency than platform systems. Users of pressure measurement systems need to consider the suitability of the calibration procedures for their chosen application when selecting and using a pressure measurement system. For some applications, a bespoke calibration procedure is required to improve validity and reliability of the pressure measurement system. The testing machines that are commonly used for dynamic calibration of pressure measurement systems frequently have loading rates of less than even those found in walking, so the development of testing protocols that truly measure the loading rates found in many sporting movements are required. There is clear potential for AI techniques to assist in the analysis and interpretation of plantar pressure data to enable the more complete use of pressure system data in clinical diagnoses and monitoring.
摘要：
足底压力测量系统通常用于运动和健康应用中以评估运动。这篇综述的目的是描述和批判性地讨论：（a）压力测量系统在运动和医疗保健中的应用，(b)临床步态分析的测试方案和考虑因素，(C)解释足底压力数据的临床建议，(d)校准程序及其准确性，以及(E)压力传感器数据分析的未来。刚性压力平台通常用于测量足底压力，以评估站立和行走期间的足部功能。尤其是赤脚的时候，并且是测量足底压力最准确的。对于可靠的数据，建议在接触压力板之前采用两步方案。鞋内系统最适合在日常生活或动态运动期间测量现场足底压力，因为它们通常是无线的并且可以测量多个步骤。它们是评估鞋类和矫形器对足底压力的影响的最合适的设备。然而,它们通常具有比平台系统更低的空间分辨率和采样频率。在选择和使用压力测量系统时，压力测量系统的用户需要考虑校准程序对其所选应用的适用性。对于某些应用,需要定制的校准程序来提高压力测量系统的有效性和可靠性。通常用于压力测量系统动态校准的测试机经常具有小于甚至在步行中发现的负载率，因此，需要开发测试协议，以真正测量在许多运动运动中发现的加载率。AI技术显然有可能帮助分析和解释足底压力数据，从而可以在临床诊断和监测中更完整地使用压力系统数据。
